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. 2012 Jul 19;2(4):e001318. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001318

Table 6.

Published values of urinary 1-OHPyr (ng/l) in different populations

Authors (year) Population Overall levels Non-smokers Smokers
Li et al (2008)39 General population (USA) 50 – –
Roggi et al (1997)41 General population (Italy) 286.0* 222.3* 486.5*
Huang et al (2004)40 General population (USA) 74.8 75.0* 240.0*
Toraason et al (2001)27 Roofers (USA)

  • 780 (start of week, asphalt only)*

  • 1740 (end of week, asphalt only)*

  • 2220 (start of week, asphalt and coal tar)*

  • 10 650 (end of week, asphalt and coal tar)*

 – –
McClean et al (2004)42 Asphalt pavers (USA)

  • 186.5 (day 1—pre-shift)*

  • 1554.4 (day 1—post-shift)*

  • 932.6 (day 3—pre-shift)*

  • 1865.3 (day 3—post-shift)*

 – –
McClean et al (2007)43 Asphalt roofers (USA)

  • 1200 (Monday—pre-shift)*

  • 3000 (rest of week—pre-shift)*

  • 3900 (post-shift)*

 – –
Sobus et al (2009)44 Asphalt pavers (USA)

  • 375 (baseline)

  • 2110 (post-shift)

  • 1130 (bedtime)

  • 708 (following morning)

 – –
Levin et al (1995)45 Road pavers (Sweden) – 210.0 (post-shift)* † –
Serdar et al (2003)46 Coke oven workers (China)

  • 25 355.6 (top of oven—post-shift)

  • 11 989.1 (side of oven—post-shift)

  • 1284.0 (clerical workers)

  • 14 585.1 (top of oven)

  • 9393.3 (side of oven)

  • 1188.9 (clerical)

  • 2095.9 (top of oven)

  • 14 013.2 (side of oven)

  • 36 598.2 (clerical)
Onyemauwa et al (2009)34 Steel workers (Central Europe) 586.0 – –
Pesch et al (2011)47 Bitumen-exposed construction workers (Germany) –

  • 193 (pre-shift)†

  • 419 (post-shift)†

  • 407 (pre-shift)†

  • 793 (post-shift)†
Current study Roofers (USA)

  • 361.4 (pre-shift)

  • 692.3 (post-shift)

  • 212.7 (pre-shift)

  • 497.7 (post-shift)

  • 692.3 (pre-shift)

  • 1002.2 (post-shift)
*

For comparison purposes (assuming a mean urinary creatinine concentration of 13 mmol/l) following conversion factors were used for converting urinary 1-OHPyr levels: 1 μmol/mol creatinine =1.93 μg/g creatinine =3000 ng/l (based on Levin48).

†

Median levels.