Table 1.
Study overview: time frame of infection and gynecologic sign presentation
| Experiment Arm/Macaque | Time (days) between SHIV+ and STI inoculation | STI infection time frame (days) | Gynecologic sign presentation1
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cervical | Vaginal | Time frame2 | |||
| Trichomonas vaginalis only | |||||
| TD6 | 358 | 983 | Erythematous mucosa; ‘strawberry cervix’ | Yellow-green, foamy discharge |
Initial: 4 dpi Peak: 7 dpi Persist: until treatment (gradual decrease in severity) |
| 96Po17 | 278 | 324 | Erythematous mucosa; ‘strawberry cervix’ | Yellow-green, foamy discharge |
Initial: 4 dpi Peak: 7 dpi Persist: n/a4 |
| Chlamydia trachomatis only | |||||
| 96Po58 (E) | 281 | 563 | Erythematous mucosa with punctate erosion; thick, semi-transparent purulent discharge | Mild-to-moderate clear discharge |
Initial: 7 dpi Peak: 10 dpi Persist: until treatment; persistent erythema, gradual decrease in discharge |
| T. vaginalis + C. trachomatis | |||||
| FH3 (E) | 2915 | 563 | Edematous and severely erythematous mucosa with blistering erosion; thick, opaque bubbling discharge originating from os | Moderate mucosal erythema; moderate semi-transparent, foamy discharge |
Initial: 7 dpi Peak: 10 dpi Persist: until treatment; persistent erythema, gradual decrease in discharge |
| 96Po78 (D) | 2775 | 563 | Edematous and severely erythematous mucosa with blistering erosion; thick, opaque bubbling discharge originating from os | Severe mucosal erythema; severe, milky, foamy discharge |
Initial: 4 dpi Peak: 10 dpi Persist: until treatment; both erythema and discharge consistent until treatment |
| Controls | |||||
| 96Po25 | 2636 | n/a | Pink (normal) mucosa; normal, menstrual cycle-related discharge | Pink-to-pale pink (normal) mucosa; scant, clear discharge (normal) | n/a |
| 96Po26 | 2466 | n/a | Pink (normal) mucosa; normal, menstrual cycle-related discharge | Pink (normal) mucosa; scant, clear discharge (normal) | n/a |
| Median = 278 | Median = 56 | ||||
dpi, days post-infection; STI, sexually transmitted infection.
1
Signs most predominant at 7–10 dpi.
2
Time frame—assessments limited by biweekly access to animals.
3
Appropriate treatment (T. vaginalis—metronidazole, C. trachomatis—azithromycin) administered to resolve infection.
4
Animal euthanized.
5
With respect to 1st C. trachomatis inoculation (2nd C. trachomatis + T. vaginalis given 1 week later).
6
Between SHIV+ and mock inoculation.