Table 1.
Consensus criteria of prolonged grief disorder proposed for DSM-V (Prigerson et al., 2009)
A. | Event criterion: Bereavement (loss of a loved person). |
B. | Separation distress: The bereaved person experiences at least one of the three following symptoms that must be experienced daily or to a distressing or disruptive degree: |
1. Intrusive thoughts related to the lost relationship. | |
2. Intense feelings of emotional pain, sorrow, or pangs of grief related to the lost relationship. | |
3. Yearning for the lost person. | |
C. | Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms: |
The bereaved person must have five (or more) of the following symptoms: | |
1. Confusion about one's role in life or diminished sense of self (i.e., feeling that a part of oneself has died). | |
2. Difficulty accepting the loss. | |
3. Avoidance of reminders of the reality of the loss. | |
4. Inability to trust others since the loss. | |
5. Bitterness or anger related to the loss. | |
6. Difficulty moving on with life (e.g., making new friends, pursuing interests). | |
7. Numbness (absence of emotion) since the loss. | |
8. Feeling that life is unfulfilling, empty, and meaningless since the loss. | |
9. Feeling stunned, dazed, or shocked by the loss. | |
D. | Duration: Diagnosis should not be made until at least six months have elapsed since the death. |
E. | Impairment: The above symptomatic disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (e.g., domestic responsibilities). |
F. | Medical exclusion: The disturbance is not due to the physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition. |
G. | Relation to other mental disorders: Not better accounted for by Major Depressive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. |