Table 2.
Mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) for heterogeneity in individual plant traits among or within regions (native Eurasian or introduced North American range source), populations and lines for Arabidopsis thaliana planted in a common garden experiment in Toronto, Canada. The full model (A) includes the effect of NA and EA region, and subsequent models (B) partition variation within each region separately for those traits with a significant effect of region in the full model. For random effects, we report the variance component, as well as the likelihood ratio statistic and P-value associated with removing that term from the model.
| (A) Full model | Fixed effects F (P) | Random effects variance components (likelihood ratio statistic, P) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trait | Region | Population (region) | Line (population) | Block | Residual |
| Rosette leaves | F < 0.001 (0.99) | 3.33 (χ2= 3, P= 0.042) | 10.81 (χ2= 30.3, P < 0.0001) | 3.06 (χ2= 26.5, P < 0.0001) | 33.4 |
| Rosette diameter | F= 1.82 (0.18) | 0.062 (χ2= 10.7, P < 0.0005) | 0.109 (χ2= 15.7, P < 0.0001) | 0.084 (χ2= 63, P < 0.0001) | 0.5442 |
| (B) Within regions | Population | Line (EA) or line (population) (NA) | Block | Residual | |
| Log10 (fruit) | EA | – | 0 (χ2= 0, P= 1) | 0.021 (χ2= 6.6, P= 0.005) | 0.098 |
| NA | 0.0042 (χ2= 6.5, P= 0.005) | 0.0091 (χ2= 4.4, P= 0.018) | 0.0277 (χ2= 128, P < 0.0001) | 0.0907 | |
| Days to flower | EA | – | 2.80 (χ2= 7.1, P= 0.004) | 1.24 (χ2= 4, P= 0.023) | 7.92 |
| NA | 0.262 (χ2= 2.4, P= 0.061) | 1.31, (χ2= 25.4, P < 0.0001) | 1.28 (χ2= 101.8, P < 0.0001) | 4.45 | |
| Days to bolting | EA | – | 5.71 (χ2= 8.7, P= 0.003) | 1.62 (χ2= 2.8, P= 0.047) | 12.84 |
| NA | 0.419 (χ2= 2.9, P= 0.044) | 2.33 (χ2= 49.9, P < 0.0001) | 1.34 (χ2= 94.3, P < 0.0001) | 5.11 | |