FIG. 4.

Effects of the overexpression of CNFoxo1 in macrophages on glucose metabolism and adipose tissue inflammation. A: The percentages of nuclear FLAG⁺ among F4/80⁺ cells in epididymal fat of CNFoxo1^LysM fed an HFD for 16 weeks. Counting of cells stained with anti-FLAG and anti-F4/80 are described in research design and methods. B: The percentages of nuclear Foxo1⁺ among F4/80⁺ cells in epididymal fat of control, CNFoxo1^LysM fed an NC, and CNFoxo1^LysM mice aged 20 weeks and fed an HFD for 16 weeks. Counting of cells stained with anti-F4/80 and anti-FOXO1 are described in research design and methods. Values are means + SEM of eight mice in each genotype. *P < 0.005 and **P < 0.05 (one-factor ANOVA). C: Body weight (BW) of control and CNFoxo1^LysM mice fed an HFD. Data are means + SEM of 18–20 mice in each genotype. *P < 0.05 (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with an ad hoc multiple comparison method [Fisher LSD test] of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice after 8 weeks of HFD). D: IPGTT of control (open circle) and CNFoxo1^LysM (blue circle) mice fed an HFD. Data are means + SEM of 20–25 mice in each genotype. E: Comparison of AUC in control and CNFoxo1^LysM mice during IPGTT. Data are means + SEM of 20–25 mice in each genotype. *P < 0.05 (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Fisher LSD test of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice). F: Insulin secretion of control (open circle) and CNFoxo1^LysM (blue circle) mice during IPGTT. Data are means + SEM of 20–25 mice in each genotype. *P < 0.05 (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Fisher LSD test of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice). G: ITT of control (open circle) and CNFoxo1^LysM (blue circle) mice. Data are means + SEM of 20–25 mice in each genotype. *P < 0.01 and **P < 0.05 (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Fisher LSD test of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice). H: CLSs in epididymal fats were quantified from eight different fields per mouse and presented as number of CLSs per field. Data are means + SEM of 9–10 mice in each genotype. *P < 0.05 (one-factor ANOVA of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice). I: Expression of F4/80 and CD11c and CD206 in cells of the SVF of epididymal fat from control and CNFoxo1^LysM mice fed an HFD for 16 weeks as assessed by flow cytometry. J: The percentages of F4/80⁺, F4/80⁺CD11c⁺CD206⁻, and F4/80⁺CD11c⁻CD206⁺ cells within the viable SVF from control and CNFoxo1^LysM 20- to 24-week-old mice fed an HFD for 16 weeks. The percentages of cell population among total SVF cells were calculated in each experiment. Data are means + SEM of fold change of control mice in each genotype (n = 3) analyzed in three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 (one-factor ANOVA of control vs. CNFoxo1^LysM mice).