Table 2. Estimated Difference in Telomere Length* Associated With Contemporaneous SES Measures†.
COHORT | 1970s | 1950s | 1930s | ||||||||||||
B‡ | SE | P | Poverall | P trend | B‡ | SE | P | Poverall | P trend | B‡ | SE | P | Poverall | P trend | |
Social Class | |||||||||||||||
I | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | ||||||||||||
II | −0.211 | 0.235 | 0.370 | −0.131 | 0.174 | 0.451 | −0.358 | 0.261 | 0.170 | ||||||
III – NM | −0.036 | 0.265 | 0.893 | −0.009 | 0.187 | 0.960 | 0.086 | 0.264 | 0.744 | ||||||
III – M | −0.081 | 0.283 | 0.775 | −0.066 | 0.218 | 0.761 | −0.277 | 0.267 | 0.299 | ||||||
IV | −0.225 | 0.349 | 0.519 | 0.189 | 0.259 | 0.465 | −0.132 | 0.278 | 0.636 | ||||||
V | −0.048 | 0.749 | 0.949 | 0.905 | 0.980 | −0.671 | 0.312 | 0.032 | 0.211 | 0.922 | −0.037 | 0.348 | 0.915 | 0.221 | 0.662 |
Home Tenure | |||||||||||||||
Owner | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | ||||||||||||
Renter (Private) | −0.049 | 0.233 | 0.835 | −0.234 | 0.267 | 0.380 | −0.147 | 0.306 | 0.631 | ||||||
Renter (Social) | −0.386 | 0.186 | 0.038 | 0.116 | 0.046 | −0.031 | 0.160 | 0.846 | 0.678 | 0.774 | −0.142 | 0.165 | 0.388 | 0.663 | 0.380 |
Income (equivalised quintiles) | |||||||||||||||
1– Highest | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | ||||||||||||
2 | 0.242 | 0.211 | 0.252 | −0.279 | 0.187 | 0.136 | −0.319 | 0.237 | 0.179 | ||||||
3 | 0.422 | 0.213 | 0.048 | −0.261 | 0.175 | 0.136 | −0.051 | 0.228 | 0.825 | ||||||
4 | −0.079 | 0.225 | 0.726 | −0.014 | 0.175 | 0.935 | 0.133 | 0.242 | 0.582 | ||||||
5– Lowest | −0.246 | 0.218 | 0.259 | 0.015 | 0.065 | 0.064 | 0.179 | 0.721 | 0.188 | 0.274 | −0.176 | 0.230 | 0.445 | 0.716 | 0.884 |
Income (£ per week) | 0.0004 | 0.0004 | 0.199 | 0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.690 | −0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.906 | ||||||
Area- deprivation | |||||||||||||||
1– Most affluent | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | ||||||||||||
2 | −0.021 | 0.441 | 0.962 | −0.327 | 0.330 | 0.321 | 0.014 | 0.412 | 0.972 | ||||||
3 | 0.005 | 0.430 | 0.991 | −0.172 | 0.350 | 0.623 | −0.218 | 0.407 | 0.592 | ||||||
4 | −0.130 | 0.413 | 0.754 | −0.135 | 0.328 | 0.681 | 0.008 | 0.392 | 0.985 | ||||||
5 | −0.242 | 0.409 | 0.555 | −0.319 | 0.348 | 0.361 | −0.271 | 0.411 | 0.510 | ||||||
6 | −0.231 | 0.435 | 0.596 | −0.378 | 0.351 | 0.281 | 0.104 | 0.391 | 0.791 | ||||||
7 - Least affluent | −0.460 | 0.434 | 0.290 | 0.594 | 0.052 | −0.037 | 0.351 | 0.916 | 0.592 | 0.723 | −0.242 | 0.395 | 0.541 | 0.501 | 0.538 |
Area-deprivation (Carstairs) | −0.042 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.002 | 0.014 | 0.907 | −0.011 | 0.016 | 0.465 | ||||||
Employment status § | |||||||||||||||
Employed | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | |||||||||||||
Caring for the home | −0.515 | 0.276 | 0.062 | 0.093 | 0.314 | 0.768 | |||||||||
Retired | −0.373 | 0.198 | 0.060 | ||||||||||||
Unemployed | −0.270 | 0.408 | 0.508 | −0.142 | 0.393 | 0.718 | |||||||||
Unable to work through ill health | −1.040 | 0.344 | 0.003 | −0.181 | 0.182 | 0.319 | |||||||||
Other | −0.410 | 0.294 | 0.164 | 0.011 | −0.548 | 0.286 | 0.056 | 0.167 | |||||||
SES Ladder | |||||||||||||||
10 (highest) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | ||||||||||||
9 | −0.191 | 1.190 | 0.108 | −0.287 | 0.425 | 0.500 | 0.501 | 0.613 | 0.414 | ||||||
8 | −1.811 | 1.111 | 0.104 | −0.539 | 0.309 | 0.082 | −0.506 | 0.487 | 0.300 | ||||||
7 | −1.559 | 1.091 | 0.153 | −0.519 | 0.296 | 0.080 | −0.441 | 0.460 | 0.338 | ||||||
6 | −1.665 | 1.095 | 0.129 | −0.375 | 0.296 | 0.205 | −0.385 | 0.463 | 0.406 | ||||||
5 | −2.075 | 1.115 | 0.063 | −0.226 | 0.318 | 0.477 | −0.336 | 0.458 | 0.464 | ||||||
4 | −1.917 | 1.150 | 0.096 | −0.813 | 0.329 | 0.014 | −0.195 | 0.493 | 0.693 | ||||||
3 | −2.180 | 1.122 | 0.052 | −0.522 | 0.355 | 0.142 | −0.339 | 0.491 | 0.490 | ||||||
2 | −1.477 | 1.181 | 0.212 | −1.033 | 0.389 | 0.008 | −0.152 | 0.673 | 0.821 | ||||||
1 (lowest) | −2.384 | 1.365 | 0.081 | 0.246 | 0.109 | −0.073 | 0.861 | 0.933 | 0.093 | 0.371 | 0.233 | 0.865 | 0.787 | 0.684 | 0.908 |
Telomere length measured as relative T/S ratio multiplied by 10.
Analysis samples are weighted to members of the baseline sample who were still alive at wave 5 and all analyses adjusted for gender, and plate.
Unstandardized regression coefficient.
Interaction (p<0.05) between SES variable and gender identified.
Employment was not analyzed for the 1930s cohort as 93% were already retired.