Table 1. Strains and plasmids used in the present study.
| Strain or plasmid | Relevant characteristics | Reference or source |
| Strains | ||
| S. Typhi GIFU10007 | wild-type strain; z66+ | 14 |
| SY372λpir | E. coli host strain of suicide plasmid | Laboratory collection |
| Δfis | GIFU10007(Δfis); z66- | This work |
| Δfis (pBAD) | Δfis containing pBAD empety vector | This work |
| Δfis (pBADfis) | Δfis containing pBADfis recombinant plasmid | This work |
| S. Typhi GIFU10007-1 | GIFU10007 containing pBSSB2; Kanar | This work |
| Δfis(pBADfis)(pBSSB2) | Δfis(pBADfis) containing pBSSB2; Kanar | This work |
| Plasmids | ||
| pGMB151 | suicide plasmid; sacB; Ampr | 14 |
| pGMBfis | pGMB151 containing fis | This work |
| pBAD/gIII | Expression vector; Ampr | 15 |
| pBADfis | pBAD containing fis | This work |
| pET-28a-c(+) | Kanar | Laboratory collection |
| pKD46 | Red helper plasmid; Ampr | Laboratory collection |
| pBSSB2 | pBSSB1 containing a kanamycin resistance gene | This work |