A) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum. ALT activity was measured at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h after transfection. Type III device was used. Each value represents mean ± SD (n = 3 [sham operation], or n = 4 [tissue suction]). *p<0.05 versus sham operation. B) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum. AST activity was measured at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h after transfection. Type III device was used. Each value represents mean ± SD (n = 3 [sham operation], or n = 4 [tissue suction]). *p<0.05 versus sham operation. C) HE staining of the liver section. The suctioned part of the liver (Part I in Fig. 4A) was sampled at 0 and 7 days after tissue suction. Type III device was used. All mice were alive at the end of the experiment.