Table 1. Characteristics of participants of cases, noncases and subcohort.
| Cases (n = 5584) | Noncases (n = 5507) | p-values1 | Subcohort (n = 6566) | |
| Age, yrs | 47.6±7.5 | 48.0±7.3 | 0.003 | 47.9±7.3 |
| Sex, %men | 45 | 45 | matched | 46 |
| Overweight, % | 43 | 39 | <0.0001 | 39 |
| Obesity, % | 17 | 9 | <0.0001 | 10 |
| Baseline weight, kg | 76.3±14.3 | 72.6±13.4 | <0.0001 | 73.2±13.6 |
| Baseline BMI, kg/m2 | 26.4±4.2 | 25.2±3.6 | <0.0001 | 25.4±3.7 |
| Annual weight change, g/yr | 1,428±684 | 30±622 | <0.0001 | 245±801 |
| BMI at follow-up, kg/m2 | 29.4±4.4 | 25.3±3.5 | <0.0001 | 25.9±3.9 |
| Follow-up time, yrs | 6.8±2.5 | 6.8±2.5 | 0.08 | 6.9±2.5 |
| Glycemic index (GI) | 56.6±4.3 | 56.5±4.1 | 0.4 | 56.5±4.1 |
| Protein intake, g | 89.9±29.4 | 89.2±27.1 | 0.2 | 89.6±28.2 |
Values presented are mean ± standard deviation or percentage (%) as indicated.
1
p-values for the difference between cases and noncases, tested by Student t-test (for continuous variables) or Cochran-Armitage trend test (categorical variables).