Table 1.
Language background information for bilingual and monolingual participants
| Bilinguals | Monolinguals | Comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (Standard Deviation) | Mean (Standard Deviation) | t(24) | p | |
| Age (in years) | 33.2 (11.8) | 23.9 (9.8) | −2.18 | .04 |
| English Proficiency-Understanding | 8.8 (1.0) | 9.0 (1.1) | 0.37 | ns |
| English Proficiency-Producing | 8.7 (1.2) | 9.1 (0.9) | 1.12 | ns |
| PPVT Standard Score (English) | 108.2 (9.9) | 111.8 (9.4) | 0.96 | ns |
| PPVT Percentile (English) | 67.8 (21.0) | 75.3 (18.9) | 0.96 | ns |
| Age of ASL acquisition | 7.5 (8.3) | — | — | — |
| ASL Proficiency-Understanding | 8.8 (0.7) | — | — | — |
| ASL Proficiency-Producing | 8.5 (0.7) | — | — | — |
| Current ASL Exposure (%) | 34.4 (13.8) | — | — | — |
Note. Values obtained from the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q), and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-III).