Table 1.
Sample Persons' Characteristics
| Characteristics | Total | Development | Validation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. ( weighted % ) | N = 7373 | N = 4434 | N = 2939 |
| Age | |||
| ≥70–<75 | 3607(49.5) | 2183(49.7) | 1424(49.3) |
| ≥75–<80 | 2016(27.4) | 1202(27.2) | 814(27.7) |
| ≥80–<85 | 1143(15.2) | 685(15.1) | 458(15.2) |
| ≥85 | 607(7.9) | 364(8.0) | 243(7.9) |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 4678(62.9) | 2835(63.3) | 1843(62.4) |
| Male | 2695(37.1) | 1599(36.7) | 1096(37.6) |
| Race | |||
| White | 6340(88.8) | 3822(89.2) | 2518(88.3) |
| Black | 762(7.4) | 463(7.3) | 299(7.5) |
| Other | 271(3.8) | 149(3.5) | 122(4.3) |
| High school graduate | |||
| No | 3030(40.0) | 1820(39.9) | 1210(40.2) |
| Yes | 4343(60.0) | 2614(60.1) | 1729(59.8) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 3860(53.0) | 2332(53.3) | 1528(52.5) |
| Unmarried | 3513(47.0) | 2102(46.7) | 1411(47.5) |
| Health status | |||
| Excellent | 1119(15.6) | 672(15.7) | 447(15.3) |
| Very Good | 1762(24.2) | 1086(24.7) | 676(23.5) |
| Good | 2583(35.0) | 1523(34.3) | 1060(36.1) |
| Fair | 1342(17.7) | 816(17.9) | 526(17.3) |
| Poor | 567(7.5) | 337(7.3) | 230(7.8) |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 4174(57.2) | 2510(57.3) | 1664(57.1) |
| Yes | 3199(42.8) | 1924(42.7) | 1275(42.9) |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 6502(88.4) | 3890(88.1) | 2612(88.8) |
| Yes | 871(11.6) | 544(11.9) | 327(11.2) |
| Cancer | |||
| No | 6181(83.4) | 3714(83.3) | 2467(83.7) |
| Yes | 1192(16.6) | 720(16.7) | 472(16.3) |
| Chronic bronchitis or emphysema | |||
| No | 6713(90.9) | 4031(90.6) | 2682(91.2) |
| Yes | 660(9.1) | 403(9.4) | 257(8.8) |
| Asthma | |||
| No | 6960(94.5) | 4180(94.3) | 2780(94.8) |
| Yes | 413(5.5) | 254(5.7) | 159(5.2) |
| Coronary artery disease | |||
| No | 5975(80.9) | 3593(80.8) | 2382(81.2) |
| Yes | 1398(19.1) | 841(19.2) | 557(18.8) |
| Other heart disease | |||
| No | 6883(93.3) | 4153(93.6) | 2730(92.9) |
| Yes | 490(6.7) | 281(6.4) | 209(7.1) |
| Stroke | |||
| No | 6826(92.7) | 4104(92.7) | 2722(92.6) |
| Yes | 547(7.3) | 330(7.3) | 217(7.4) |
| Arthritis | |||
| No | 4012(54.5) | 2400(54.0) | 1612(55.2) |
| Yes | 3361(45.5) | 2034(46.0) | 1327(44.8) |
| Major depression* | |||
| No | 7264(99.3) | 4365(99.2) | 2899(99.3) |
| Yes | 52(0.7) | 30(0.8) | 22(0.7) |
| Blindness in both eyes* | |||
| No | 7172(98.5) | 4312(98.6) | 2860(98.5) |
| Yes | 112(1.5) | 63(1.4) | 49(1.5) |
| Deafness in both ears* | |||
| No | 6807(93.4) | 4076(93.0) | 2731(94.0) |
| Yes | 467(6.6) | 297(7.0) | 170(6.0) |
| Ever had broken hip* | |||
| No | 6995(96.0) | 4186(95.6) | 2809(96.5) |
| Yes | 294(4.0) | 191(4.4) | 103(3.5) |
| Fall* | |||
| No | 5864(79.9) | 3530(79.8) | 2334(80.0) |
| Yes | 1463(20.1) | 876(20.2) | 587(20.0) |
| Proxy use | |||
| No | 6226(84.7) | 3745(84.6) | 2481(84.8) |
| Yes | 1147(15.3) | 689(15.4) | 458(15.2) |
| IADL stage | |||
| No limitations | 5134(70.0) | 3090(70.0) | 2044(69.8) |
| Mild limitations | 1232(16.7) | 750(16.9) | 482(16.4) |
| Moderate limitations | 454(6.0) | 275(6.0) | 179(5.9) |
| Severe limitations | 439(5.8) | 255(5.6) | 184(6.2) |
| Complete limitations | 114(1.5) | 64(1.4) | 50(1.7) |
| 1-year mortality | |||
| No | 7103(96.3) | 4285(96.7) | 2818(95.9) |
| Yes | 270(3.7) | 149(3.3) | 121(4.1) |
| 5-year mortality | |||
| No | 5640(76.7) | 3407(77.2) | 2233(76.0) |
| Yes | 1733(23.3) | 1027(22.8) | 706(24.0) |
| 10-year mortality | |||
| No | 3675(50.2) | 2220(50.5) | 1455(49.7) |
| Yes | 3698(49.8) | 2214(49.5) | 1484(50.3) |
*Sample size is slightly less for these variables due to missing data: major depression (N = 7316, 4395, and 2921); blindness in both eyes (N = 7284, 4375, and 2909); deafness in both ears (N = 7274, 4373, and 2901); ever had broken hip (N = 7289, 4377, and 2912); fall (N = 7327, 4406, and 2921)