Table 1.
Fold-change in cytokine/chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to BeWo microvesicles (MV) and recombinant syncytin 1 protein
| Molecule | BeWo MV | rSyncytin | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-2 | 1·2 (± 0·11) | * | 0·9 (± 0·04) | ns |
| IL-4 | 1·1 (± 0·05) | ns | 1·1 (± 0·03) | ns |
| IL-6 | 3·3 (± 0·53) | *** | 3·1 (± 8·18) | ** |
| IL-8 | 10·4 (± 1·86) | ** | 3·5 (± 1·13) | ns |
| IL-10 | 5·1 (± 0·69) | ** | 1·9 (± 0·11) | ** |
| IL-12 | 1·4 (± 0·08) | * | 1·3 (± 0·45) | ns |
| IL-17 | 0·7 (± 0·24) | ns | 1·0 (± 0·10) | ns |
| G-CSF | 2·4 (± 0·34) | ** | 2·5 (± 0·27) | *** |
| GM-CSF | 0·9 (± 2·32) | ns | 1·0 (± 2·02) | ns |
| IFN-γ | 1·3 (± 0·31) | ns | 1·0 (± 0·32) | ns |
| MCP-1 | 1·1 (± 4·09) | * | 2·0 (± 1·55) | *** |
| MIP-1α | 6·7 (± 2·19) | *** | 3·0 (± 0·34) | *** |
| MIP-1β | 3·0 (± 16·62) | *** | 2·7 (± 46·31) | * |
| RANTES | 0·9 (± 4·29) | * | 1·6 (± 11·82) | ** |
| TNF-α | 45·0 (± 2·87) | *** | 1·0 (± 0·01) | ns |
| VEGF | 1·0 (± 0·33) | ns | 1·1 (± 0·07) | * |
| GRO-α | 2·0 (± 44·89) | * | 2·5 (± 31·24) | ** |
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with 20 μg/ml BeWo MV (n = 6) or 10 μg/ml recombinant syncytin 1 protein (rSyncytin 1; n = 4). Following 24 hr of incubation, cell-free supernatants were pooled and assayed by multiplex analysis. Numbers represent fold change of cytokine/chemokine production after treatment with MV or recombinant syncytin relative to the level produced after no treatment. Standard errors of the means are presented in parenthesis. Analysis was performed by unpaired t-test before calculation of fold-change.
P < 0·05
P < 0·01
P < 0·001. ns indicates no significant difference.
IL-2, interleukin-2; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MIP, macrophage inhibitory protein; RANTES, regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor; GRO-α, growth-related oncogene-α.