Table 2.
Rates of antiviral administration (mean and 95% confidence intervals) among A/H1N1 influenza inpatients by pandemic wave, Maricopa County, April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010.
| Variable | Total | Pandemic wave | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | Fall | |||
| Number of patients that received antivirals (% of total A/H1N1 cases) | 361/500 (72.2) | 84/142 (59.2) | 277/358 (74.4) | <0.0001 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanics | 128/190 (67.4) | 29/60 (48.3) | 99/130 (76.2) | <0.0001 |
| Whites, non-Hispanic | 136/186 (73.1) | 31/51 (60.8) | 105/135 (77.8) | 0.02 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 46/59 (78.0) | 12/13 (92.3) | 34/46 (73.9) | 0.16 |
| Native American | 24/30 (80.0) | 6/8 (75.0) | 18/22 (81.8) | 0.68 |
| Asian | 4/4 (100) | 0/0 (0.0) | 4/4 (100.0) | N/A |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 206/280 (73.6) | 49/79 (62.0) | 157/201 (78.1) | 0.006 |
| Male | 155/220 (70.5) | 35/63 (55.6) | 120/157 (76.4) | 0.002 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <18 | 161/231 (69.7) | 31/61 (50.8) | 130/170 (76.5) | <0.0001 |
| 18–49 | 122/162 (75.3) | 22/40 (55.0) | 100/122 (82.0) | 0.001 |
| ≥50 | 78/107 (72.9) | 31/41 (75.6) | 47/66 (71.2) | 0.62 |
| Patients according to severity | ||||
| ICU | 111/150 (74.0) | 23/41 (56.1) | 88/109 (80.7) | 0.002 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 73/105 (69.5) | 13/28 (46.4) | 60/77 (77.9) | 0.002 |
| Deaths | 43/63 (68.3) | 5/11 (45.5) | 38/52 (73.1) | 0.074 |
Wave 1 (spring) refers to April 1 through August 15, 2009; fall wave refers to August 16, 2009 through March 31, 2010. Data are percentages of cases unless otherwise specified.
aDetermined by the Chi-square test statistic. P values show the univariate comparisons of proportions between spring and fall waves.