Table 3. Bivariate Correlations.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1. Total activities—11th	—
2. Sex	−.06	—
3. Race	−.12^***	.04	—
4. SES	.31^***	−.00	−.22^***	—
5. Parent motivation	.15^***	−.19^***	.06	.12^***	—
6. Grades—8th	.29^***	−.26^***	−.28^***	.33^***	.42^***	—
7. Grades—11th	.26^***	−.23^**	−.15^***	.23^***	.33^***	.46^***	—
8. Expectations—8th	.17^***	−.09^**	−.03	.23^***	.28^***	.33^***	−17^***	—
9. Expectations—11th	.36^***	−.18^***	−.06	.29^***	.26^***	.30^***	.43^***	.14^***	—
10. Education status	.31^***	−.06	− .10^**	.32^***	.30^***	.43^***	.40^***	.20^***	.34^***	—
11. Family activity—8th	.03	.09^**	−.05	−.02	.08^*	.04	−.01	.06^*	−.02	.04	—
12. Family activity—11th	.09^*	.04	−.03	.00	.08^**	.10^**	.05	−.01	−.06	.06	.41^***	—
13. Alcohol use—8th	.00	−.03	−.13^***	−.03	−.17^***	−.05	−.09^*	− .08^**	−.11^**	−.11^**	−.09^*	−.01
14. Alcohol use—11th	−.13^**	.11^**	−.20^***	.01	−.16^***	−.07^*	−.20^***	−.06	−.15^***	−.21^***	−.12^**	−.10^**
15. Alcohol use—PH	.07	.10^**	−.30^***	.11^**	−.16^***	.00	−.02	−.02	−.06	−.05	−.05	−.04
16. Marijuana use—8th	.02	.11^***	−.01	.01	−.17^***	−.07	−.12^***	−.04	−.09^*	−.11^**	−.05	−.01
17. Marijuana—11th	−.16^***	.14^***	−.12^***	−.03	−.17^***	−.12^**	−.21^***	−.07^*	−.19^***	−.17^***	−.08^*	−.09^*
18. Marijuana—PH	−.05	.15^***	−.06	−.05	−.18^***	−.15^***	.14^***	−.08^*	−.14^***	−.15^***	−.04	−.07
19. Self-esteem—8th	−.01	.15^***	.11^**	.02	.20^***	.10^**	.07	.12^***	.04	.10^*	.12 ^***	.13^***
20. Self-esteem—11th	.00	.13^***	.07^*	−.02	.07^*	.00	.03	.04	.04	.05	.04	.10^**
21. Self-esteem—PH	−.01	.06	.10^**	.00	.18^***	.01	.03	.10^**	.08	.15^***	.06	.06
22. Depression—8th	−.05	−.05	.02	−.07^*	−.26^***	−.21^***	−.15^***	−.13^***	−.14^***	−.19^***	−.11^**	−.11^***
23. Depression—11th	−.01	−.08	−.10^**	−.01	−.14^***	−.03	−.11^**	−.07^*	−.13^***	−.10^*	−.06	−.11^***
24. Depression—PH	−.03	−.09	.00	−.09^*	−.14^***	−.08^*	−.09^*	−.09^*	−.12^**	−.16^***	−.06	−.01
25. Internalizing—8 th	−.07	−.06	−.06	−.07^*	−.27^***	−.13^***	−.08^*	−.11^***	−.04	−.11^***	−.11^***	−.08^*
26. Internalizing—11th	−.10^**	−.11^**	−.11^**	.02	−.20^***	−.07	−.10^**	−.03	−.10^**	−.12^***	−.06	−.08^*
27. Externalizing—8th	−.10^***	.10^**	.03	−.12^***	−.38^***	−.27^***	−.21^***	−.14^***	−.11^**	−.23^***	−.13^***	−.10^**
28. Externalizing—11th	−.18^***	.06	−.01	−.15^***	−.35^***	−.28^***	−.31^***	−.14^***	−.26^***	−.30^*** -	−.09^*	−.11^**
29. Political involvement—PH	.31^***	−.03	.04	25^***	.15^***	.10^***	.02	.06	−.14^***	.15^***	.03	.10^*
30. Charitable involvement—PH	.31^***	−.05	.09^*	22^***	.20^***	.23^***	.11^**	.12^**	.22^***	.23^***	.08	.08^*

	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24

13. Alcohol use—8th	—
14. Alcohol use—11th	.24^***	—
15. Alcohol use—PH	.25^***	−.46^***	—
16. Marijuana use—8th	.35^***	.15^***	.10^*	—
17. Marijuana—11th	.22^***	.71^***	.39^***	.16^***	—
18. Marijuana—PH	.17^***	.41^***	.54^***	.21^***	.52^***	—
19. Self-esteem—8th	−.14^***	−.06	−.02	−.08	.00	.00	—
20. Self-esteem—11th	−.01	−.07^*	.00	.03	−.06	−.07	.45^***	—
21. Self-esteem—PH	−.04	−.04	−.05	−.06	−.04	−.06	.39^***	.52^***	—
22. Depression—8th	.17^***	.12^**	−.01	.10^**	.11^**	.04	−.55^***	−.29^***	−.29^***	—
23. Depression—11th	.08^*	.17^***	.10^*	.02	.15^***	−.12^*	−.35^***	−.52^***	− .46^***	.42^***	—
24. Depression—PH	.08	.04	.06	.08	.05	.07^*	−.25^***	−.29^***	−.54^***	.33^***	.44^***	—
25. Internalizing—8th	.03	−.05	.01	−.02	−.07	.01	−.18^***	−.17^***	−.19^***	.26^***	.18^***	.18^***
26. Internalizing—11th	.04	.07	.05	−.02	.03	.06	−.20^***	−.20^***	−.21^***	.23^***	.27^***	.13^**
27. Externalizing—8th	.11^**	.10^**	.13^**	.13^***	.08^*	.20^***	−.11^***	.00	−.05	.24^***	.13^***	.15^***
28. Externalizing—11th	.15^***	.24^***	.16^***	.08^*	.25^***	.26^***	−.12^**	.14^**	.14^**	.24^***	.20^***	.16^***
29. Political involvement—PH	.03	.05	.08^*	.04	.10^*	.06	−.02	.02	−.02	.05	.07	.03
30. Charitable involvement—PH	.01	.01	.07^*	.03	.05	−.02	.01	.00	.04	−.05	.00	−.02

		25		26		27		28		29		30

25. Internalizing—8 th		—
26. Internalizing—11th		.60^***		—
27. Externalizing—8th		.65^***		.36^***		—
28. Externalizing—11th		.37^***		.62^***		.61^***		—
29. Political involvement—PH		−.11^**		−.08		−.08		−.01		—
30. Charitable involvement—PH		−.11^**		−.09^*		−.12^**		−.12^***		−.12^***		—

Note. Gender: 1 = male, 0 = female; race: 1 = African American, 0 = European American; PH = post high.

p <. 05;

^**

p < .01;

^***

p < .001.