Table 2.

Effects of a meal on systemic hemodynamics and heart rate variability

	Fasting	Post-Meal	Cohen’s d
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	108.5 ± 1.2	108.7 ± 1.2	0.02
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)***	63.2 ± 0.8	60.7 ± 0.8	−0.51
Heart Rate (bpm)***	62.7 ± 1.2	67.1 ± 1.3	0.52
Stroke Volume (ml/beat)***	99.7 ± 2.8	109.7 ± 3.0	0.51
Cardiac Output (l/min)***	6.1 ± 0.1	7.2 ± 0.1	1.44
Pre-Ejection Period (ms)***	123.2 ± 1.4	110.5 ± 1.4	−1.33
Total Peripheral Resistance (dyne·sec-cm5)***	1043.9 + 23.7	867.7 + 17.7	−1.27
HF Heart Rate Variability (nu)*	62.3 ± 2.6	57.5 ± 2.5	−0.28

Note. Data are unadjusted means ± SE of within-subject contrasts, n=18. Cohen’s d was calculated using adjusted means from the mixed models procedure. HF = high frequency.

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01,

^***p < .001