Figure 2.

Phases during periodontal healing and regeneration. Periodontal regeneration requires different processes in a sequential manner. After the initial coagulation phase, inflammatory reaction and granulation tissue formation events, progenitor cells involved in multi-tissue regeneration are locally recruited and mediate the bioavailability of important growth factors. As the healing progresses, mechanical stimuli increase and promote an organized ECM synthesis as well as cementum and bone formation and maturation. Once those structures are established, PDL fibers are organized and oriented. Progressively, the tissues mature and ultimately increase its mechanical strength. Remodeling processes continue in the regenerated periodontium as an essential mechanism that monitors the adaptation potential to the challenging local and systemic environment.