Table 2.
Variables associated with the likelihood of developing ankylosing spondylitis after a mean of 12.2 years (10 to14) ref. [[60]]* and radiographic sacroiliitis after a mean of 14.9 years (11.7 to 25.1) ref. [[61]]
| Univariate analysis |
Multlivariate analysis |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95%CI | p | OR | 95%CI | p | |
| Male |
5.37 |
2.00-14.44 |
0.001 |
2.92 |
0.93-9.12 |
0.066 |
| Onset age ≥8 years |
21.12 |
2.809-159.48 |
0.003 |
9.21 |
1.11-76.40 |
0.039 |
| Family history of AS |
9.94 |
3.67-26.92 |
0.000 |
ND |
|
|
| HLA-B27 |
10.35 |
3.63-29.54 |
0.000 |
5.29 |
1.63-17.17 |
0.005 |
| DRB1*04 |
4.38 |
1.72-11.13 |
0.002 |
1.55 |
0.50-4.89 |
0.448 |
| Enthesitis at 6 months* |
42.5 |
6.3-1766.6 |
0.000 |
ND |
|
|
| Enthesitis at 6 months |
8.06 |
1.31-46.96 |
0.020 |
ND |
|
|
| Enthesitis at 12 months* |
22.1 |
6.1-118.1 |
0.000 |
ND |
|
|
| Tarsitis at 6 months* |
39.2 |
5.7-1641.1 |
0.000 |
ND |
|
|
| Tarsitis at 12 months* |
8.0 |
3.1-22.1 |
0.000 |
ND |
|
|
| Hip arthritis at 6 months |
6.34 |
2.30-17.46 |
0.000 |
4.98 |
1.32-18.70 |
0.017 |
| IBP/SIJ* pain at 6 months |
10.5 |
1.1-505.5 |
0.01 |
ND |
|
|
| IBP at 6 months |
16.22 |
2.16-121.9 |
0.007 |
ND |
|
|
| Psoriasis | 7.23 | 1.72-30.49 | 0.007 | ND | ||
*35 patients with juvenile-onset ankylosing spondylitis compared with 75 patients with systemic, polyarticular, and pauciarthritis type 1 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. OR and 95%CI were recalculated and differ from those reported in the original publication ref. [60]. In this sample, no multivariate analysis was performed.
314 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis ref. [61].
In a 15-year extended follow-up of 55 patients with enthesitis related arthritis years, DRB1*04 (OR 4.13, 95%CI 1.26-13.46, p = 0.19; univariate analysis), hip arthritis at 6 months (OR 46.73, 95%CI 1.16-39.34; multivariate analysis), and high sedimentation rate for at least 6 month (OR 4.09, 95%CI 1.05-15.91; multivariate analysis) were associated with radiographic sacroiliitis ref. [63].
OR = odds ratio. 95%CI = 95% confidence intervals. AS = ankylosing spondylitis. ND = not determined. IBP = inflammatory back pain. SIJ = sacroiliac joint pain.