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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stroke. 2012 May 22;43(8):2192–2197. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.655209

Table 1.

Characteristics of Participants with Prior Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack With and Without Elevated Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder*

Characteristic Overall
(N=535)
PTSD
(PCLS≥50)
(N=95)
No PTSD
(PCLS<50)
(N=440)
P-value
Age, mean ± SD 63.0 ± 11.3 57.2 ± 8.5 64.2 ± 11.5 <0.001
Women 317 (59) 65 (68) 252 (57) 0.05
Race/ethnicity
 Black 210 (40) 40(42) 170 (40) 0.002
 Hispanic 212 (40) 48 (51) 164 (38)
 White 76 (14) 2 (2) 74 (17)
 Other 27 (5) 5 (6) 22 (5)
Income ≤ $15,000/year 300 (56) 74 (79) 226 (52) <0.001
Less than high school education 157 (30) 25 (27) 132 (30) 0.53
Preferred language Spanish 127 (24) 22 (23) 105 (24 ) 0.88
Married/live with a partner 192 (36) 21 (22) 171 (39) 0.002
Live alone 185 (35) 40 (42) 145 (33) 0.09
Employment status
 Full or part-time 76 (14) 7 (7) 69 (16) <0.001
 Unable to work 205 (38) 64 (67) 141 (32)
 Retired, in school, or other 252 (47) 24 (25) 228 (52)
Number of prior strokes and TIAs, mean ± SD 1.7 ± 1.2 1.8 ± 1.3 1.6 ± 1.2 0.13
Years since last stroke or TIA, mean ± SD 1.9 ± 1.4 1.7 ± 1.4 1.9 ± 1.5 0.17
Charlson score, mean ± SD 3.7 ± 2.2 4.4 ± 2.3 3.5 ± 2.1 <0.001
Stroke impact severity
 Modified Rankin 0,1, or 2 287 (54) 23 (24) 264 (60) <0.001
 Modified Rankin 3 or 4 248 (46) 72 (76) 176 (40)
Depressed (PHQ-8 >10) 159 (30) 74 (78) 85 (19) <0.001
Non-adherent to medications (Morisky 0-5) 218 (41) 64 (67) 154 (35) <0.001

Abbreviations: PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; PCL-S, PTSD Checklist Specific for Stroke; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PHQ-8, Patient Health Questionnaire-8 Item

*

Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise specified

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