Table 2.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Relative Risks and 95% Confidence Intervals for Associations between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Non-Adherence to Medications in Survivors of Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack

Characteristic	Model 1 (N=535)	Model 2 (N=532)	Model 3 (N=532)
PTSD
Likely PTSD (PCL-S>50)	3.42 (2.36, 4.96)	2.91 (1.92, 4.42)	2.69 (1.71, 4.23)
Possible PTSD (PCL-S 25-50)	2.10 (1.45, 3.04)	1.92 (1.31, 2.80)	1.86 (1.27, 2.74)
No PTSD (PCL-S <25)	Ref	Ref	Ref
Age	-	0.99 (0.98, 1.00)	0.99 (0.98, 1.00)
Gender	-
Female	-	1.12 (0.91, 1.38)	1.10 (0.90, 1.36)
Male	-	Ref	Ref
Race/ethnicity	-
Black/Hispanic/Other		1.20 (0.79, 1.21)	1.19 (0.77, 1.83)
White		Ref	Ref
Income	-
<$15,000/year		0.98 (0.79, 1.21)	0.97 (0.79, 1.20)
≥$15,000/year		Ref	Ref
Charlson score	-	1.04 (1.00, 1.08)	1.04 (1.00, 1.08)
Stroke impact severity	-
Modified Rankin 3 to 4		0.92 (0.74, 1.14)	0.92 (0.74, 1.14)
Modified Rankin 0 to 2		Ref	Ref
Years since last stroke/TIA	-	1.06 (1.00, 1.14)	1.06 (1.00, 1.14)
Depressive symptoms (PHQ-8≥10)	-	-	1.12 (0.88, 1.42)

Abbreviations: PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; PCL-S, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Specific for Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack; PHQ-8, Patient Health Questionnaire-8 Item