Figure 2. Priming of the respiratory mucosa with heat-inactivated lactobacilli and other gram-positive bacteria.
Standard experimental protocol is as per Fig. 1A unless otherwise noted. A. Survival of mice inoculated with LP, heat-inactivated (hi) LP (109 cfu-equivalents) or PBS prior to virus infection; B. Survival of mice inoculated with 109 cfu Listeria innocua (LI), 109 cfu-equivalents heat-inactivated L. innocua (LI), or PBS prior to virus infection; C. Survival of naïve BALB/c mice inoculated with PVM on day 0, then inoculated with lactobacilli (109 cfu LP, 109 cfu-equivalents heat-inactivated (hi) LP, or PBS + BSA) on day 3. Each group includes 10 or more mice per condition, representative of at least two independent experiments ***p < 0.001.