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Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression in kidney lysates. Administration of nicotine to 5/6Nx rats resulted in a twofold increase in TGF-β as assessed by ELISA in kidney cortex lysates. MLA prevented the increase in TGF-β suggesting that these effects are mediated by the α7-nAChR (*P < 0.05 vs. all other groups).
