Table 4.
Baseline predictors of change in hemoglobin levels (g/dL) among HIV-positive TB patients from initiation to end of TB treatment (8 months) and post-treatment (14 months after baseline).
| Baseline predictors | N (%) | HB at baseline1 | Change in hemoglobin from 0 to 8 months (n = 272)
|
Change in hemoglobin from 0 to 14 months (n = 214)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change from 0 to 8 months | Adjusted difference (95% CI)2 | p | p, test for trend3 | Change from 0 to 14 months | Adjusted difference (95% CI)2 | p | p, test for trend3 | |||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 273 (58.0%) | 10.3 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | Reference | 2.1 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
| Female | 198 (42.0%) | 9.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | −1.0 (−1.5, −0.5) | <0.001 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | −1.0 (−1.5, −0.5) | <0.001 | ||
| Age | 0.005 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| < 30 years | 158 (33.6%) | 9.6 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | Reference | 2.3 ± 0.3 | Reference | ||||
| 30 – 39 years | 200 (42.5%) | 9.8 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2) | 0.23 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | −0.6 (−1.2, 0.0) | 0.07 | ||
| ≥ 40 years | 113 (24.0%) | 10.3 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | −0.8 (−1.5, −0.1) | 0.03 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | −1.4 (−2.1, −0.7) | <0.001 | ||
| Marital status | ||||||||||
| Married | 230 (48.8%) | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | Reference | 1.7 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
| Cohabiting | 37 (7.9%) | 10.0 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0.0 (−0.9, 0.8) | 0.94 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 0.2 (−0.7, 1.0) | 0.72 | ||
| Single | 144 (30.6%) | 9.5 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 0.4 (−0.2, 1.0) | 0.23 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 0.3 (−0.4, 1.0) | 0.35 | ||
| Divorced/widowed | 60 (12.7%) | 9.9 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0.3 (−0.5, 1.2) | 0.42 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 0.6 (−0.3, 1.5) | 0.21 | ||
| CD4 count | 0.16 | 0.50 | ||||||||
| < 100 cells/mm3 | 69 (18.6%) | 9.2 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 0.1 (−0.7, 1.0) | 0.78 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | −0.1 (−0.9, 0.6) | 0.70 | ||
| 100 – 200 cells/mm3 | 70 (18.8%) | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | −1.1 (−1.9, −0.4) | 0.004 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | −0.4 (−1.1, 0.4) | 0.32 | ||
| 200 – 350 cells/mm3 | 89 (23.9%) | 9.8 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | −0.3 (−0.9, 0.4) | 0.38 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | −0.4 (−1.2, 0.4) | 0.32 | ||
| ≥ 350 cells/mm3 | 144 (38.7%) | 10.2 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | Reference | 2.0 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
| HIV clinical stage | ||||||||||
| Stage 3 | 313 (91.0%) | 9.9 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | Reference | 1.9 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
| Stage 4 | 31 (9.0%) | 9.5 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | −0.9 (−2.0, 0.1) | 0.07 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | −0.3 (−1.2, 0.6) | 0.50 | ||
| Previous TB infection | ||||||||||
| Yes | 233 (49.6%) | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | −0.5 (−1.0, 0.0) | 0.03 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.5) | 0.89 | ||
| No | 237 (50.4%) | 9.6 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | Reference | 1.9 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
| Money spent on food | 0.05 | 0.58 | ||||||||
| < 250 TSh | 97 (22.9%) | 9.6 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | −0.6 (−1.3, 0.1) | 0.07 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | −0.5 (−1.1, 0.2) | 0.15 | ||
| 250 – 500 TSh | 113 (26.7%) | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | −0.2 (−0.7, 0.4) | 0.52 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 0.0 (−0.4, 0.8) | 0.54 | ||
| ≥ 500 TSh | 214 (50.5%) | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | Reference | 1.8 ± 0.2 | Reference | ||||
Footnotes for Table 4.
1
Mean ± SE for all such value.
2
Adjusted differences in change in hemoglobin were estimated from the multivariate linear regression model that includes sex, age, marital status, CD4 cell counts, HIV clinical stage, previous TB infection, money spent on food, and treatment assignment. Other variables were not associated with change in hemoglobin.
3
P-value for test for trend was obtained from median values within quartiles.