Figure 4. Cryoelectron microscopy can be used as a three-dimensional approach to monitor the autophagic process. Two computed sections of an electron tomogram of the autophagic vesicle-rich cytoplasm in a hemophagocyte of a semi-thin section after high-pressure freezing preparation. The dashed area is membrane-free (A) but tomography reveals newly formed phagophore-like membranes (B). Image published previously¹⁰⁴ and provided by M. Schneider and P. Walter.