Table 3. Deconvolved ¹³C labeling of cerebral amino acids from [U-¹³C₆]glucose and [2-¹³C]acetate in different brain regions.

Brain Region	Treatment	GluC4		GABAC2		GlnC4
		Glucose	Acetate	Glucose	Acetate	Glucose	Acetate
Cortex	Control (n = 6)	22.2±1.1	4.5±0.1	12.2±0.3	2.8±0.2	9.6±0.6	9.2±0.5
	Nic (0.5 mg) (n = 6)	23.9±0.7	5.2±0.2*	15.1±0.5**	3.8±0.2*	11.1±0.4	10.5±1.0
	Nic (2.0 mg) (n = 6)	26.6±0.8**	4.5±0.2	16.0±0.6**	3.0±0.2	12.3±0.7*	9.3±0.4
Subcortex	Control (n = 6)	22.5±1.0	4.8±0.1	11.6±0.6	2.6±0.1	10.6±0.5	11.2±0.5
	Nic (0.5 mg) (n = 6)	24.2±0.5	5.4±0.2*	13.6±0.3*	3.2±0.1**	11.6±0.8	12.2±1.0
	Nic (2.0 mg) (n = 6)	26.9±0.8**	4.9±0.1	14.3±0.6**	3.0±0.1*	12.6±0.8	13.0±0.2*
Cerebellum	Control (n = 6)	21.1±1.0	3.5±0.2	16.1±0.9	2.4±0.2	8.4±0.7	9.5±0.4
	Nic (0.5 mg) (n = 6)	24.0±0.9	3.7±0.3	19.3±0.7*	3.3±0.3*	11.0±0.8*	9.6±0.6
	Nic (2.0 mg) (n = 6)	25.7±0.8**	3.4±0.2	20.2±1.1*	3.1±0.5	10.8±1.4	10.7±0.8

The ¹H-[¹³C]-NMR measured percent labeling was deconvolved for [U-¹³C₆]glucose and [2-¹³C]acetate by using the isotopomer information obtained in ¹³C-[¹³H]-NMR and normalized with the percent ¹³C labeling of precursors (glucose and acetate) in plasma. Values represent mean±SEM.

^* p<0.05,

^** p<0.01 indicate significance of differences when compared to respective control.