Table 3. Factors associated with acceptance of VCT within each strategy.
OPT-OUT STRATEGY (TEAM 1) | OPT-IN STRATEGY (TEAM 2) | |||||||
Females (N = 2541) | Males (N = 3397) | Females (N = 3087) | Males (N = 3565) | |||||
number accepting (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | number accepting (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | number accepting (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | number accepting (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | |
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | ||||||||
Age (years) | P = 0.18 | P = 0.74 | P = 0.20 | P = 0.15 | ||||
<21 | 971 (90.9) | 1 | 848 (90.9) | 1 | 712 (60.0) | 1 | 602 (59.4) | 1 |
21–22 | 647 (89.0) | 0.79 [0.58, 1.09] | 813 (90.3) | 0.92 [0.67, 1.26] | 521 (58.6) | 0.94 [0.79, 1.12] | 585 (60.0) | 1.03 [0.86, 1.23] |
23–24 | 504 (92.3) | 1.15 [0.79, 1.69] | 809 (91.6) | 1.09 [0.79, 1.52] | 482 (62.4) | 1.11 [0.92, 1.34] | 584 (61.7) | 1.10 [0.92, 1.32] |
≥25 | 184 (92.9) | 1.25 [0.69, 2.25] | 620 (91.3) | 1.06 [0.74, 1.51] | 132 (55.0) | 0.83 [0.63, 1.11] | 403 (64.1) | 1.25 [1.02, 1.54] |
Currently married | P = 0.33 | P = 0.55 | P = 0.39 | P = 0.02 | ||||
No | 963 (91.0) | 1 | 1910 (91.1) | 1 | 809 (60.6) | 1 | 1486 (59.8) | 1 |
Yes | 1345 (90.7) | 0.87 [0.66, 1.15] | 1181 (90.8) | 0.93 [0.73, 1.18] | 1038 (59.2) | 0.94 [0.81, 1.09] | 688 (63.7) | 1.20 [1.03, 1.39] |
Tribe | P = 0.78 | P = 0.52 | P = 0.05 | P = 0.50 | ||||
Sukuma | 1737 (91.2) | 1 | 2163 (90.7) | 1 | 1598 (59.3) | 1 | 1893 (61.4) | 1 |
Non-Sukuma | 567 (89.7) | 0.95 [0.69, 1.32] | 924 (91.8) | 1.10 [0.82, 1.48] | 249 (64.0) | 1.28 [1.00, 1.64] | 279 (58.4) | 0.92 [0.74, 1.16] |
Religion | P = 0.26 | P = 0.79 | P = 0.002 | P<0.001 | ||||
Christian | 1990 (90.6) | 1 | 2421 (91.1) | 1 | 1687 (60.9) | 1 | 1819 (60.9) | 1 |
Muslim | 122 (88.4) | 0.83 [0.48, 1.45] | 171 (91.0) | 0.91 [0.54, 1.54] | 53 (54.1) | 0.81 [0.54, 1.22] | 59 (54.1) | 0.63 [0.43, 0.91] |
None/other | 189 (94.5) | 1.57 [0.83, 2.95] | 493 (90.6) | 0.90 [0.65, 1.24] | 103 (48.1) | 0.59 [0.44, 0.79] | 252 (55.4) | 0.70 [0.57, 0.87] |
Circumcised (males) | P = 0.91 | P = 0.005 | ||||||
Yes | 1261 (90.7) | 1 | 782 (57.4) | 1 | ||||
No | 1754 (91.3) | 0.99 [0.76, 1.28] | 1381 (63.4) | 1.25 [1.07, 1.46] | ||||
Education | P = 0.31 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.23 | P = 0.10 | ||||
Secondary or higher | 246 (89.1) | 1 | 296 (86.6) | 1 | 223 (59.6) | 1 | 615 (58.5) | 1 |
Primary | 1976 (90.9) | 1.18 [0.78, 1.79] | 2737 (91.5) | 1.62 [1.16, 2.28] | 1535 (60.3) | 0.98 [0.78, 1.23] | 1558 (62.6) | 1.12 [0.96, 1.31] |
Incomplete primary | 82 (94.3) | 2.03 [0.76, 5.44] | 54 (93.1) | 1.97 [0.68, 5.70] | 87 (53.7) | 0.74 [0.51, 1.08] | 108 (55.7) | 0.85 [0.62, 1.16] |
SEXUAL KNOWLEDGE FACTORS | ||||||||
Knowledge of HIV acquisition | P = 0.09 | P = 0.59 | P = 0.98 | P = 0.02 | ||||
0–2 correct | 858 (92.7) | 1 | 944 (91.6) | 1 | 660 (60.2) | 1 | 647 (59.1) | 1 |
3 correct | 1444 (89.8) | 0.77 [0.57, 1.04] | 2137 (90.7) | 0.93 [0.71, 1.21] | 1179 (59.6) | 1.00 [0.86, 1.17] | 1524 (61.9) | 1.20 [1.03, 1.39] |
Knowledge of STI acquisition | P = 0.75 | P = 0.11 | P = 0.81 | P = 0.007 | ||||
0–2 correct | 1575 (91.2) | 1 | 1509 (92.0) | 1 | 1208 (60.2) | 1 | 1088 (59.4) | 1 |
3 correct | 729 (89.9) | 0.95 [0.71, 1.27] | 1574 (90.1) | 0.82 [0.65, 1.05] | 633 (59.4) | 0.98 [0.84, 1.14] | 1081 (62.8) | 1.21 [1.05, 1.39] |
Knowledge of pregnancy prevention | P = 0.50 | P = 0.52 | P<0.001 | P = 0.10 | ||||
0–2 correct | 865 (90.9) | 1 | 731 (91.7) | 1 | 564 (56.1) | 1 | 524 (59.3) | 1 |
3 correct | 1438 (90.8) | 1.10 [0.83, 1.46] | 2349 (90.8) | 0.91 [0.68, 1.22] | 1277 (61.7) | 1.32 [1.13, 1.54] | 1644 (61.5) | 1.15 [0.98, 1.35] |
Sexual attitudes | P = 0.45 | P = 0.76 | P = 0.60 | P = 0.58 | ||||
0–2 correct | 2068 (90.7) | 1 | 2181 (91.1) | 1 | 1648 (59.7) | 1 | 1764 (61.4) | 1 |
3 correct | 236 (91.5) | 1.19 [0.75, 1.91] | 906 (90.8) | 0.96 [0.74, 1.25] | 198 (61.9) | 1.07 [0.84, 1.36] | 409 (59.4) | 0.95 [0.80, 1.13] |
BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS | ||||||||
Lifetime number partners | P = 0.56 | P = 0.02 | P = 0.28 | P = 0.02 | ||||
0 | 179 (92.8) | 1.47 [0.81, 2.68] | 292 (90.4) | 0.98 [0.59, 1.62] | 102 (62.2) | 1.14 [0.81, 1.62] | 161 (54.2) | 1 |
1 | 720 (90.3) | 1 | 357 (90.6) | 1 | 466 (58.6) | 1 | 210 (57.4) | 1.13 [0.83, 1.54] |
2 (F) or 2–4 (M) | 659 (90.5) | 1.02 [0.72, 1.44] | 1231 (89.5) | 0.87 [0.59, 1.27] | 551 (58.1) | 0.97 [0.80, 1.18] | 819 (60.9) | 1.29 [1.00, 1.67] |
≥3 (F) or ≥5 (M) | 742 (91.2) | 1.13 [0.80, 1.59] | 1204 (92.9) | 1.35 [0.90, 2.02] | 725 (61.9) | 1.13 [0.94, 1.37] | 971 (63.4) | 1.44 [1.11, 1.85] |
Pregnancy in primary school? | P = 0.40 | P = 0.13 | P = 0.81 | P = 0.05 | ||||
No | 2225 (90.7) | 1 | 2975 (90.9) | 1 | 1793 (59.9) | 1 | 2091 (60.7) | 1 |
Yes | 83 (93.3) | 1.41 [0.61, 3.28] | 116 (94.3) | 1.74 [0.80, 3.78] | 54 (58.7) | 0.95 [0.62, 1.45] | 83 (70.3) | 1.49 [1.00, 2.23] |
Slept away in past 12 m | P = 0.83 | P = 0.87 | P = 0.29 | P<0.001 | ||||
No | 1172 (91.3) | 1 | 1032 (90.8) | 1 | 979 (59.0) | 1 | 626 (56.5) | 1 |
Yes | 1129 (90.3) | 0.97 [0.74, 1.28] | 2055 (91.1) | 1.02 [0.80, 1.31] | 867 (60.9) | 1.08 [0.93, 1.26] | 1546 (63.1) | 1.31 [1.13, 1.52] |
Concurrency in past 12 m 1 | P = 0.49 | P = 0.07 | P = 0.34 | P = 0.002 | ||||
No | 2142 (90.8) | 1 | 2170 (90.4) | 1 | 1719 (59.6) | 1 | 1416 (58.9) | 1 |
Yes | 166 (91.7) | 1.21 [0.69, 2.10] | 921 (92.4) | 1.28 [0.98, 1.68] | 128 (63.7) | 1.15 [0.86, 1.56] | 758 (65.2) | 1.27 [1.09, 1.47] |
Casual partner in past 12 m 1 | P = 0.05 | P = 0.05 | P = 0.21 | P = 0.003 | ||||
No | 1981 (90.5) | 1 | 1714 (90.2) | 1 | 1581 (59.3) | 1 | 931 (57.9) | 1 |
Yes | 327 (93.2) | 1.53 [0.98, 2.37] | 1377 (92.1) | 1.27 [1.00, 1.62] | 266 (63.2) | 1.14 [0.92, 1.42] | 1243 (63.6) | 1.23 [1.08, 1.41] |
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS | ||||||||
HIV serostatus | P = 0.30 | P = 0.54 | P = 0.64 | P = 0.22 | ||||
Negative | 2231 (91.3) | 1 | 3018 (91.3) | 1 | 1768 (60.0) | 1 | 2136 (61.2) | 1 |
Positive | 62 (87.3) | 0.67 [0.33, 1.38] | 68 (93.1) | 1.32 [0.53, 3.31] | 78 (57.4) | 0.92 [0.65, 1.31] | 37 (68.5) | 1.43 [0.80, 2.55] |
HSV-2 | P = 0.06 | P = 0.58 | P = 0.50 | P = 0.17 | ||||
Negative | 1373 (92.1) | 1 | 2258 (91.5) | 1 | 1057 (59.6) | 1 | 1614 (60.9) | 1 |
Positive | 920 (89.9) | 0.76 [0.58, 1.01] | 828 (91.0) | 0.93 [0.71, 1.21] | 789 (60.2) | 1.05 [0.91, 1.22] | 559 (62.6) | 1.12 [0.95, 1.31] |
Syphilis 2 | P = 0.46 | P = 0.81 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.08 | ||||
Negative | 2137 (91.2) | 1 | 2898 (91.4) | 1 | 1702 (59.3) | 1 | 2053 (61.0) | 1 |
Current | 112 (93.3) | 1.34 [0.64, 2.79] | 121 (90.3) | 0.82 [0.46, 1.49] | 100 (64.9) | 1.32 [0.94, 1.86] | 79 (70.5) | 1.59 [1.05, 2.40] |
Past infection | 44 (88.0) | 0.65 [0.27, 1.55] | 67 (91.8) | 1.06 [0.45, 2.46] | 44 (74.6) | 2.04 [1.12, 3.69] | 41 (62.1) | 1.09 [0.66, 1.81] |
Among the last 3 reported partners.
Current syphilis defined as TPPA positive and RPR positive. Past infection defined as TPPA positive and RPR negative.