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. 2010 Dec 8;1(4):633–640. doi: 10.1007/s13167-010-0058-6

Table 1.

Overview of types of personalized medicines

	Benefits to patient		Costs						Who pays? Testing and treatment
	Benefits to patient		Development		Testing and treatment		Cost savings		Who pays? Testing and treatment
	At time of genetic test	In the future	Genetic test	Treatment	Genetic test	Treatment	Adverse events	Future healthcare costs	Third party Payer	Patient	Private company
Screening/risk assessment
(i) Preventive healthcare treatments available	+	+	+		+	+		−	+
(ii) No preventive healthcare treatments available	+?		+		+			+	+^a	+^b
Diagnosis and treatment
(iii) Better use of existing treatment	+	+	+		+	+	−	−	+
(iv) New drug or treatment	+	+	+	+	+	+	−	−	+
Drug development
(v) Facilitate development of other treatments			+	−	+						+

^aPay for future health costs

^bPay for genetic test