Figure 6.

Comparison of the average characteristics of the REM sleep-like episodes elicited by clonidine injections into the A5 regions, with or without additional injections into the LC, and those elicited by carbachol injections into the dorsomedial pontine tegmentum. The episodes elicited by clonidine occurred with a significantly longer latency than those elicited by carbachol (A). Other than that, neither the episode duration (B), nor the magnitude of suppression of XII nerve activity (C), nor the reduction of the central respiratory rate (D) were significantly different between the episodes elicited by clonidine and carbachol. The bars show a comparison of the average data from nine REM sleep (REMS)-like episodes elicited by clonidine in nine rats in this study and average data from six REMS-like episodes elicited by pontine carbachol (10 nl, 10 mM) in six rats of one of our previous studies (Fenik et al., 2005). The significance levels shown in (C,D) refer to the differences between the measurements taken prior to and during the REMS-like episode. NS, not statistically significant.