Table 3.

Pharmacodynamic model parameters

	θ (95% ci)	ω2 (95% ci)	ν2 (95% ci)
Pain Intensity
FK (cm.(ng/ml)−1)	−3.80 × 10−2 (−6.10×10−2 – −2.63×10−2)	1.26 × 10−2 (1.16×10−2 – 1.35×10−2)	2.0 × 10−4 (4.6×10−4 – 35.4×10−4)
FN*	−0.824 (−1.34 – −0.30)	5.12 × 10−4(4.32×10−4 – 5.92×10−4)	-
Y0 (cm)	6.11 (5.36 – 6.80)	1.46 (0.36 – 1.66)	-
t½ke0 (min)	11.8 (11.4 – 21.2)	-	a-
ε	1.28 (0.78 – 1.78)
Pain Appreciation
FK (cm.(ng/ml)−1)	−4.35×10−2 (2.01×10−2 – 6.69×10−2)	1.30×10−2 (1.20×10−2 – 1.40×10−2)	3.76×10−4 (0.88×10−4 – 6.64×10−4)
FN*	−0.785 (−1.19 – −0.38)	4.95×10−4 (0.1 ×10−4 – 8.9×10−4)	-
Y0 (cm)	6.55 (5.75 – 7.35)	1.95 (0.1 – 4.29)	-
t½ke0 (min)	10.0 (6.1 – 13.9)	-	-
ε	1.71 ± 0.40 (1.00 – 2.42)
Cognitive Flexibility
FK (cm.(ng/ml)−1)	−0.245 (−0.34 – −0.14)	3.12×10−2 (0.1×10−2 – 6.0×10−2)	5.72×10−3 (0.2×10−3 – 10.9×10−3)
FN*	0.00 ± 0.00 (−)	-	-
Y0 (cm)	113.0 (108.5 – 117.5)	4.17×10−3 (1.7×10−3 – 6.7×10−3)	5.35×10−4 (0.1×10−4 – 13.7×10−4)
t½ke0 (min)	0.0* (−)	-	-
ε	0.976 (0.62 – 1.33)
Reaction Time
FK (cm.(ng/ml)−1)	−0.166 (−0.22 – −0.10)	8.66×10−3 (0.1×10−3 – 19.9×10−3)	-
FN*	0.00 ± 0.00 (−)	4.06×10−2 (0.1×10−2 – 11.3×10−2)	-
Y0 (cm)	92.0 (84.6 – 99.4)	2.01×10−4 (0.1×10−4 – 19.0×10−4)	1.21 (1.18 – 1.24)
t½ke0 (min)	2.4 (0.1 – 6.4)	-	-
ε	62.4 (44.4 – 80.4)

ci = confidence interval.

ε is a residual error term;

F_K is the parameter that describes the contribution of ketamine to total effect;

F_N* is the fraction of F_K that describes the contribution of norketamine to total effect;

ν2 is interoccasion variability (in the log-domain);

θ is the typical parameter value;

t½k_e0 is the blood-effects-site equilibration half-life;

Y₀ is baseline value;

ω² is the between-subject variability (in the log-domain).

^*no hysteresis between blood-concentration and effect observed.