Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants in Each Study Condition
| Total (N = 519) | Experimental (n = 251)a | Control (n = 268)a | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 177 (34.1) | 83 (33.1) | 94 (35.1) |
| Female | 342 (65.9) | 168 (66.9) | 174 (64.9) |
| Mean (SD) age, years | 45.8 (9.88) | 45.7 (9.80) | 45.8 (9.97) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Caucasian | 328 (63.2) | 156 (62.2) | 172 (64.2) |
| Black | 146 (28.1) | 76 (30.3) | 70 (26.1) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 25 (4.8) | 11 (4.4) | 14 (5.2) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 3 (0.6) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (0.4) |
| American Indian/Alaskan | 15 (2.9) | 6 (2.4) | 9 (3.4) |
| Other | 2 (0.4) | — | 2 (0.7) |
| Education | |||
| <High school | 95 (18.3) | 44 (17.5) | 51 (19.0) |
| High school/GED | 182 (35.1) | 95 (37.8) | 87 (32.5) |
| Some college or greater | 242 (46.6) | 112 (44.6) | 130 (48.5) |
| Marital status | |||
| Married or cohabiting | 62 (12.0) | 26 (10.4) | 36 (13.5) |
| All other | 455 (88.0) | 224 (89.6) | 231 (86.5) |
| One or more children | |||
| Yes | 294 (57.0) | 143 (57.4) | 151 (56.6) |
| No | 222 (43.0) | 106 (42.6) | 116 (43.4) |
| Lives in own home/apt. | |||
| Yes | 346 (66.7) | 167 (66.5) | 179 (66.8) |
| No | 173 (33.3) | 84 (33.5) | 89 (33.2) |
| Employed | |||
| Yes | 76 (14.7) | 44 (17.6) | 32 (11.9) |
| No | 442 (85.3) | 206 (82.4) | 236 (88.1) |
| Mean (SD) # in household | 2.3 (2.32) | 2.3 (2.28) | 2.4 (2.36) |
| Ever psychiatric inpatient treatment | |||
| Yes | 392 (75.8) | 195 (78.0) | 197 (73.8) |
| No | 125 (24.2) | 55 (22.0) | 70 (26.2) |
| DSM-IV diagnosis | |||
| Schizophrenia | 58 (11.7) | 29 (11.9) | 29 (11.6) |
| Schizoaffective | 47 (9.5) | 26 (10.7) | 21 (8.4) |
| Bipolar | 188 (38.1) | 95 (38.9) | 93 (37.2) |
| Depressive | 125 (25.3) | 60 (24.6) | 65 (26.0) |
| Other | 76 (15.4) | 34 (13.9) | 42 (16.8) |
| Services received T1–T2 | |||
| Case management | 333 (72.7) | 170 (75.9) | 163 (69.7) |
| Medication management | 343 (74.9) | 170 (75.9) | 173 (73.9) |
| Individual therapy | 344 (75.3) | 162 (72.3) | 182 (78.1) |
| Group psychotherapy | 108 (23.6) | 61 (27.4) | 47 (20.1) |
| Employment services | 87 (19.0) | 44 (19.6) | 43 (18.4) |
| Residential services | 77 (16.8) | 40 (17.9) | 37 (15.8) |
| Substance abuse treatment | 34 (7.4) | 11 (4.9) | 23 (9.8) |
| Study site | |||
| Canton | 81 (15.6) | 38 (15.1) | 43 (16.0) |
| Cleveland | 98 (18.9) | 51 (20.3) | 47 (17.5) |
| Columbus | 107 (20.6) | 52 (20.7) | 55 (20.5) |
| Dayton | 26 (5.0) | 12 (4.8) | 14 (5.2) |
| Lorain | 110 (21.2) | 53 (21.1) | 57 (21.3) |
| Toledo | 97 (18.7) | 45 (17.9) | 52 (19.4) |
Note: T1, Study baseline; T2, 2-month follow-up; GED, General Education Development. Variations in n due to missing data.
a
Chi-square and analysis of variance tests revealed no significant differences by study condition.