Figure 4.

Schematic representation of proteins that regulate apoptosis and autophagy. The typical autophagic pathway including the role of mTOR and its inactivation by nutrients and rapamycin is shown on top. The role of the Atg1p in initiating autophagy is depicted. Proteins and effectors including ROS, Bcl-2 and Bec1 (Beclin1) that are involved in both apoptosis and autophagy are shown. This study shows that 14-3-3 can inhibit cell death due to stimuli that induce apoptosis and by stimuli that are commonly used to induce autophagy