Table 5.
Risk of glioma and estimated cumulative pesticide exposure by category among participants with or without estimated exposures in the Upper Midwest Health Study
| Pesticide | Including proxy respondents | Excluding proxy respondents | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category |
Cases (n = 798) |
Controls (n = 1,175) |
|
Cases (n = 438) |
Controls (n = 1,141) |
|
||||
| |
na |
Exposureb |
n |
Exposure |
ORc (95 % CI) |
n |
Exposure |
n |
Exposure |
OR (95 % CI) |
| Arsenicals |
15 |
4.86 (6.55) |
36 |
49.5 (80.9) |
0.95 (0.90, 1.00) |
9 |
3.08 (2.18) |
34 |
51.1 (82.8) |
0.95 (0.86, 1.03) |
| Benzoic Acid |
29 |
42.6 (72.6) |
55 |
52.9 (73.4) |
0.97 (0.92, 1.03) |
16 |
23.6 (27.4) |
54 |
53.8 (73.7) |
0.91 (0.80, 1.04) |
| Carbamates |
34 |
56.7 (125) |
65 |
43.2 (86.9) |
1.00 (0.97, 1.04) |
20 |
55.1 (146) |
64 |
43.8 (87.4) |
1.00 (0.96, 1.04) |
| Chloroacetanilides |
39 |
47.7 (72.1) |
69 |
44.1 (60.0) |
0.99 (0.94, 1.04) |
19 |
54.8 (82.4) |
67 |
45.4 (60.4) |
0.99 (0.93, 1.06) |
| Dinitroanilines |
29 |
19.1 (28.8) |
47 |
28.8 (58.5) |
0.99 (0.98, 1.01) |
16 |
18.1 (32.0) |
46 |
29.5 (59.0) |
0.99 (0.98, 1.01) |
| Organochlorines |
63 |
88.1 (143) |
150 |
83.1 (145) |
0.99 (0.97, 1.01) |
31 |
86.4 (153) |
146 |
83.8 (146) |
0.99 (0.96, 1.01) |
| Organophosphates |
66 |
96.5 (204) |
145 |
81.3 (242) |
1.00 (0.98, 1.01) |
41 |
75.2 (219) |
141 |
83.5 (245) |
1.00 (0.98, 1.02) |
| Phenoxys |
57 |
47.6 (83.7) |
112 |
101 (170) |
0.96 (0.93, 0.99)* |
37 |
35.3 (54.3) |
111 |
102 (170) |
0.96 (0.92, 1.01) |
| Triazines | 52 | 59.6 (86.8) | 105 | 91.8 (194) | 0.97 (0.95, 1.00) | 27 | 56.3 (82.4) | 103 | 93.5 (196) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) |
aNumber of participants with exposure estimated by an industrial hygienist. All other study participants are assigned zero exposure.
bMean (and standard deviation) of lifetime cumulative exposure in gram-years (g-years) for participants with estimated exposure. Cumulative exposure is calculated as 1,000 times the product of intensity (mg/hr) by decade, number of hours per day (hr/day), number of days per year (days/yr), and years by decade, and then summed across all decades.
cOdds ratio (and 95 % confidence intervals) of lifetime cumulative exposure (per 1 g for arsenical and dinitroaniline, or per 10 g for all others based on median exposure), adjusted for matching variables (10-year age group, sex) and for age, and education.
*p < 0.05.