Table 4. Macronutrient consumption frequencies of 371 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases and 321 community controls.
| Variables (per day) | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval)+ | |
| All subjects | Subjects seropositive for any anti-EBV | |||
| Protein intake (g) | ||||
| < = 58.5 | 162 (44.6) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 58.5–76.5 | 105 (28.9) | 105 (33.2) | 0.59 (0.39–0.90)* | 0.43 (0.22–0.83)* |
| >76.5 | 96 (26.5) | 106 (33.5) | 0.50 (0.29–0.86)* | 0.39 (0.15–1.02) |
| P for trend | <0.01 | 0.04 | ||
| Fat intake (g) | ||||
| < = 69.2 | 132 (36.4) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 69.2–95.2 | 120 (33.1) | 105 (33.2) | 0.91 (0.61–1.36) | 1.12 (0.63–2.00) |
| >95.2 | 111 (30.6) | 106 (33.5) | 0.94 (0.58–1.54) | 1.35 (0.65–2.80) |
| P for trend | 0.78 | 0.43 | ||
| Carbohydrate intake (g) | ||||
| < = 245 | 137 (37.7) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 245–346 | 128 (35.3) | 105 (33.2) | 0.90 (0.59–1.36) | 0.75 (0.40–1.42) |
| >346 | 98 (27.0) | 106 (33.5) | 0.61 (0.35–1.05) | 0.54 (0.22–1.32) |
| P for trend | 0.09 | 0.18 | ||
| Vitamin A (IU) | ||||
| < = 12340 | 155 (42.7) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 12340–17450 | 114 (31.4) | 105 (33.2) | 0.70 (0.48–1.03) | 0.54 (0.30–0.97)* |
| >17450 | 94 (25.9) | 106 (33.5) | 0.65 (0.43–0.99)* | 0.50 (0.27–0.95)* |
| P for trend | 0.04 | 0.03 | ||
| Vitamin A from animal source (IU) | ||||
| < = 310 | 136 (37.5) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 310–670 | 124 (34.2) | 105 (33.2) | 0.99 (0.67–1.46) | 1.11 (0.61–2.00) |
| >670 | 103 (28.4) | 106 (33.5) | 0.84 (0.55–1.27) | 0.88 (0.47–1.64) |
| P for trend | 0.41 | 0.70 | ||
| Vitamin A from plant source (IU) | ||||
| < = 11670 | 156 (43.0) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 11670–16810 | 116 (32.0) | 105 (33.2) | 0.73 (0.50–1.06) | 0.68 (0.38–1.21) |
| >16810 | 91 (25.0) | 106 (33.5) | 0.62 (0.41–0.94)* | 0.50 (0.27–0.94)* |
| P for trend | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||
| Vitamin C (mg) | ||||
| < = 217.15 | 149 (41.1) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 217.15–321 | 121 (33.3) | 105 (33.2) | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) | 0.64 (0.36–1.15) |
| >321 | 93 (25.6) | 106 (33.5) | 0.75 (0.50–1.13) | 0.62 (0.32–1.18) |
| P for trend | 0.16 | 0.13 | ||
| Tocopherol intake (ug) | ||||
| < = 11385 | 141 (38.8) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 11385–15920 | 126 (34.7) | 105 (33.2) | 0.94 (0.63–1.40) | 1.05 (0.58–1.91) |
| >15920 | 96 (26.5) | 106 (33.5) | 0.72 (0.45–1.14) | 0.77 (0.39–1.54) |
| P for trend | 0.17 | 0.49 | ||
| Sodium intake (mg) | ||||
| < = 850 | 131 (36.1) | 105 (33.2) | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) |
| 850–1660 | 140 (38.6) | 105 (33.2) | 1.13 (0.77–1.66) | 1.16 (0.64–2.08) |
| >1660 | 92 (25.3) | 106 (33.5) | 0.78 (0.49–1.22) | 0.70 (0.36–1.37) |
| P for trend | 0.33 | 0.36 | ||
+
Adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, NPC family history, total calories intake, years of cigarette smoking, and exposures to formaldehyde and wood dust.
Sample size in categories varies by available data.
*
p<0.05.