Figure 4. NOD1 cooperates with TLR2 to enhance TCR-mediated CD8 T cell activation.

(A–C) Flow cytometry assessment of the proliferation (the percentage of proliferating cells is indicated within the histograms) (A), cell numbers (B) and CD25 expression (the mean fluorescence intensity of CD8 T cells is indicated within the histograms) (C) of CFSE stained murine CD8 T cells cultured for 48 h with anti-CD3, in the absence or presence of C12, Pam, or both C12 and Pam. (D–F) Determination of IL-2 (D), IFN-γ (E) and TNF-α (F) concentrations in the supernatants of CD8 T cells cultured for 48 h with anti-CD3, in the absence or presence of C12, Pam, or both C12 and Pam. (G) Determination by western blotting of IκBα, β-actin, Phospho-ERK (P-ERK), total ERK, Phospho-JNK (P-JNK), total JNK, Phospho-p38 (P-p38) and total p38 protein levels in F5 CD8 lymphoblasts cultured for 30 minutes in medium alone or with 1 nM of NP68, in the absence or presence of C12, Pam, or both C12 and Pam. (B) Cell number values are the mean fold increases of anti-CD3 stimulated CD8 T cell numbers in the different conditions, in comparison to the control condition anti-CD3 alone, ± SD from 4 independent experiments (** = p<0.01; Student t test). The other results are representative of 4 (A and C) or 3 (D, E, F and G) independent experiments.