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. 2012 Jul 27;7(7):e40985. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040985

Figure 3. Cytokine expression profiles in jejunum and mesenterial lymph nodes of Giardia duodenalis infected calves.

Figure 3

Transcription levels of the main cytokines were analyzed using quantitative PCR. Mean fold changes (n  = 4) when comparing infected animals to controls are presented with SEM as error bars. In jejunal tissue (panel A), no significant differences in transcription levels were found for INF-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TGF-β1 and TNF-α. The transcription of IL-13, IL-17, and IL-1β was significantly downregulated. In the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (panel B), there was no significant alternation of cytokine transcription. (* P<0.05).