Table 1.
Patient characteristics and incidence of lymph node metastasis
|
Variables |
Tokyo dataset |
Kyoto dataset |
Seoul dataset |
P-value§ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | % | No | % | No | % | ||
| No. of patients |
148 |
(100) |
143 |
(100) |
174 |
(100) |
|
| Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
| Median |
55 |
60 |
50 |
|
|||
| Range |
(31–85) |
(26–88) |
(25–74) |
|
|||
| Body mass index |
0.019 |
||||||
| Median |
22.9 |
22.3 |
23.2 |
|
|||
| Range |
(16.6–43.2) |
(14.8–31.4) |
(17.8–37) |
|
|||
| Unknown |
3 |
(2) |
0 |
(0) |
1 |
(0.6) |
|
| Clinical T classification |
0.2621 |
||||||
| T1 |
102 |
(68.9) |
100 |
(69.9) |
108 |
(62.1) |
|
| T2 |
46 |
(31.1) |
43 |
(30.1) |
66 |
(37.9) |
|
| Clinical N classification |
0.002 |
||||||
| N0 |
137 |
(92.6) |
135 |
(94.4) |
174 |
(100) |
|
| N1 |
11 |
(7.4) |
8 |
(5.6) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Skin dimpling |
<0.001 |
||||||
| Yes |
22 |
(14.9) |
14 |
(9.8) |
2 |
(1.1) |
|
| No |
109 |
(73.6) |
129 |
(90.2) |
172 |
(98.9) |
|
| Unknown |
17 |
(11.5) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Nipple discharge |
0.238 |
||||||
| Yes |
6 |
(4.1) |
2 |
(1.4) |
3 |
(1.7) |
|
| No |
138 |
(93.2) |
141 |
(98.6) |
170 |
(97.7) |
|
| Unknown |
4 |
(2.7) |
0 |
(0) |
1 |
(0.6) |
|
| Mammography |
|
||||||
| Presence of masses |
0.284 |
||||||
| Yes |
90 |
(60.8) |
88 |
(61.5) |
102 |
(58.6) |
|
| Focal asymmetry |
22 |
(14.9) |
20 |
(14) |
39 |
(22.4) |
|
| No |
35 |
(23.6) |
26 |
(18.2) |
33 |
(19) |
|
| Unknown |
1 |
(0.7) |
9 |
(6.3) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Presence of calcifications |
0.037 |
||||||
| Yes |
67 |
(45.3) |
44 |
(30.8) |
59 |
(33.9) |
|
| No |
81 |
(54.7) |
94 |
(65.7) |
115 |
(66.1) |
|
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
5 |
(3.5) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Shape of calcifications |
0.010 |
||||||
| Fine branching or casting |
4 |
(6) |
1 |
(2.3) |
3 |
(5.1) |
|
| Pleomorphic |
9 |
(13.4) |
11 |
(25) |
21 |
(35.6) |
|
| Amorphous or indistinct |
43 |
(64.2) |
27 |
(61.4) |
35 |
(59.3) |
|
| Round or benign |
11 |
(16.4) |
4 |
(9.1) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
1 |
(2.3) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Distribution of calcifications |
0.024 |
||||||
| Linear or segmented |
26 |
(38.8) |
14 |
(31.8) |
22 |
(37.3) |
|
| Grouped or clustered |
30 |
(44.8) |
29 |
(65.9) |
36 |
(61) |
|
| Regional or diffuse |
9 |
(13.4) |
1 |
(2.3) |
1 |
(1.7) |
|
| Unknown |
2 |
(3) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Ultrasonography |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Presence of masses |
0.264 |
||||||
| Yes |
142 |
(95.9) |
133 |
(93) |
161 |
(92.5) |
|
| No |
5 |
(3.4) |
10 |
(7) |
13 |
(7.5) |
|
| Unknown |
1 |
(0.7) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Multifocality |
0.114 |
||||||
| Yes |
27 |
(19) |
14 |
(10.5) |
21 |
(13) |
|
| No |
115 |
(81) |
119 |
(89.5) |
140 |
(87) |
|
| Maximum tumor size (mm) |
0.004 |
||||||
| Median |
16 |
16.1 |
19 |
|
|||
| Range |
(4–37) |
(5–35) |
(4–37) |
|
|||
| Depth/width ratio |
0.001 |
||||||
| Median |
0.72 |
0.67 |
0.64 |
|
|||
| Range |
(0.31–1.36) |
(0.22–1.43) |
(0.33–1.27) |
|
|||
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
9 |
(6.8) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Echogenic halo |
<0.001 |
||||||
| Yes |
32 |
(22.5) |
62 |
(46.6) |
38 |
(23.6) |
|
| No |
109 |
(76.8) |
71 |
(53.4) |
123 |
(76.4) |
|
| Unknown |
1 |
(0.7) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Interruption of the anterior border of the mammary gland |
0.807 |
||||||
| Yes |
99 |
(69.7) |
91 |
(68.4) |
106 |
(65.8) |
|
| No |
43 |
(30.3) |
42 |
(31.6) |
54 |
(33.5) |
|
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
1 |
(0.6) |
|
| Detection of LNs |
0.130 |
||||||
| Detectable |
49 |
(33.1) |
37 |
(25.9) |
56 |
(32.2) |
|
| Not detectable |
82 |
(55.4) |
105 |
(73.4) |
117 |
(67.2) |
|
| Unknown |
17 |
(11.5) |
1 |
(0.7) |
1 |
(0.6) |
|
| Maximum size (mm) of LNs |
0.010 |
||||||
| Median |
11 |
10 |
10 |
|
|||
| Range |
(5–22) |
(3–32) |
(4–17) |
|
|||
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
4 |
(10.8) |
1 |
(1.8) |
|
| Hilum of LNs |
0.021 |
||||||
| Detectable |
43 |
(87.8) |
27 |
(73) |
36 |
(64.3) |
|
| Not detectable |
6 |
(12.2) |
9 |
(24.3) |
20 |
(35.7) |
|
| Unknown |
0 |
(0) |
1 |
(2.7) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Histological type |
0.584 |
||||||
| Invasive ductal carcinoma |
135 |
(91.2) |
129 |
(90.2) |
160 |
(92) |
|
| Invasive lobular carcinoma |
5 |
(3.4) |
3 |
(2.1) |
7 |
(4) |
|
| Other specific types |
8 |
(5.4) |
11 |
(7.7) |
7 |
(4) |
|
| Estrogen receptor† |
0.023 |
||||||
| Positive |
119 |
(80.4) |
114 |
(79.7) |
121 |
(69.5) |
|
| Negative |
27 |
(18.2) |
29 |
(20.3) |
53 |
(30.5) |
|
| Unknown |
2 |
(1.4) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| Progesterone receptor† |
0.427 |
||||||
| Positive |
83 |
(56.1) |
89 |
(62.2) |
96 |
(55.2) |
|
| Negative |
63 |
(42.6) |
54 |
(37.8) |
78 |
(44.8) |
|
| Unknown |
2 |
(1.4) |
0 |
(0) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| HER2‡ |
0.019 |
||||||
| Positive |
18 |
(12.2) |
11 |
(7.7) |
29 |
(16.7) |
|
| Negative |
121 |
(81.8) |
131 |
(91.6) |
125 |
(71.8) |
|
| Unknown |
9 |
(6.1) |
1 |
(0.7) |
20 |
(11.5) |
|
| Histological/nuclear grade |
<0.001 |
||||||
| 1 |
64 |
(43.2) |
43 |
(30.1) |
4 |
(2.3) |
|
| 2 |
47 |
(31.8) |
63 |
(44.1) |
82 |
(47.1) |
|
| 3 |
27 |
(18.2) |
36 |
(25.2) |
88 |
(50.6) |
|
| Unknown |
10 |
(6.8) |
1 |
(0.7) |
0 |
(0) |
|
| LN metastasis |
0.292 |
||||||
| Yes |
44 |
(29.7) |
44 |
(30.8) |
41 |
(23.6) |
|
| No | 104 | (70.3) | 99 | (69.2) | 133 | (76.4) | |
Note:
Abbreviations: LN, lymph node.
†Estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive was defined as ≥10% positively stained cells on immunohistochemical (IHC) testing.
‡HER2 positive was defined as IHC 3+ or positive on fluorescence in situ hybridization testing.
§The χ2 test or Kruskal–Wallis test was used depending on the distribution of patients in each variable and dataset.