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. 2011 Jan 1;13(1):15–20.

Table 1. Main characteristics of participants a.

Parameters All live births (N= 132) Exercisers before pregnancy (N=76) Non- exercisers before pregnancy (N=56) Exercisers during pregnancy (N=70) Non exercisers during pregnancy (N=62)
Age (years) 23±4.7 22±5.1 23±3.91 23±5.22 23±4.80
Gestational duration (LMP in weeks) 38.78±3.90 38.82±2.75 37.46±4.20 39.15±1.30 38.23±2.01
Educational level Up to middle school 11 (8.30%) 6 (7.89%) 5 (8.92%) 6 (8.57%) 5 (8.06%)
High school and diploma 82 (62.12%) 45 (59.21%) 36 (64.28%) 43 (61.42%) 40 (64.51%)
University degree and above 39 (29.54%) 25 (32.89%) 15 (26.78%) 21 (30%) 17 (27.41%)
Height (cm) 162±6.61 162.42±6.92 163.10±6.32 163.13±6.62 162.13±6.73
Pre pregnancy Weight (kg) 61.23±10.61 61.71±10.33 60.39±11.39 63.51±12.40 59.45±9.17
Pre pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) 23.22±4 23.53±4.37 22.64±3.74 22.42±3.58b 24.19±4.65b
maternal weight gain (kg) 14.43±3.29 13.51±4.16 13.85±5.31 13.78±4.25 14.12±2.18
Infant sex (%)
Boy 55.9% 58.1% 53.7% 54.2% 57.6%
girl 44.1% 41.9% 46.3% 45.8% 42.4%
Type of delivery
Vaginal 56% 29.41% 19.11% 29.85% 20.84%
Cesarean 76% 29.41% 22.05 26.85% 22.05%
Birth weight (kg) 3.06±0.58 3.21±0.53 2.88±0.60 3.23±0.40 2.91±0.36

a LMP= according to last menstrual period, cm=centimeter, kg=kilogram,

b significant difference between BMI of exercisers and non exercisers during pregnancy (p<0.05)