Figure 3.

Effects of NE on the variability of first spike latency in the cochlear nucleus and the auditory cortex. (A) In the anteroventral cochlear nucleus, iontophoretic application of NE at the vicinity of this cell reinforced the phasic component of the response by reducing the jitter of the first spike latency (as it can be observed on the raster, data from Kössl and Vater, 1989). (B) In the auditory cortex, iontophoretic application of NE (1 s pulses of NE repeated 30 times) at the vicinity of this cell transformed a weak disorganized response into a brief phasic response, mostly by reducing the jitter of the first spike latency (unpublished results from Manunta and Edeline).