Table 4.

Adjusted odds ratio (OR) ^† and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the role of education on health professional students’ beliefs towards smoking cessation and training.

	Educational aspects
Beliefs	Knowledge of adverse effects of smoking	Reasons why people smoke	Importance of tobacco history	Importance of providing counselling material	Use of antidepressants in smoking cessation	Received formal training	Nicotine replacement
Health Professionals have a role in smoking cessation	**	0.8 (0.3–1.8)	**	0.5 (0.2–1.2)	4.9 (1.8–13.3)	**	1 (0.02–0.3)
Health professionals should receive cessation training	1.1 (0.6–2.1)	1.3 (0.8–2.0)	**	0.6 (0.4–1.0)	2.2 (1.4–3.5)	**	0.7 (0.3–1.6)
Health professionals are role models	1.2 (0.8–1.9)	1.2 (0.6–1.1)	1.6 (0.9–2.8)	1.0 (0.8–1.4)	1.3 (0.9–1.7)	0.9 (0.6–1.4)	**
Health professionals should give routine quitting advice	2.2 (0.8–6.0)	0.6 (0.4–1.0)	0.4 (0.2–1.1)	1 (0.6–1.7)	1.8 (1.1–3.0)	1.3 (0.6–2.7)	0.5 (0.2–1.2)
Do chances of quitting improve if a health professional gives quitting advice?	0.5 (0.3–0.8)	0.6 (0.4–0.8)	0.4 (0.2–0.7)	0.6 (0.4–0.8)	1.7 (1.2–2.4)	0.4 (0.2–0.7)	**

^† Adjusted for smoking status (smoker/non-smoker); ** not enough subjects to perform the analysis.