Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | All Patients (n=70) | Patients Not Developing HD-Induced Stunning | Patients Developing HD-Induced Stunning | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 63.1±13.7 | 59.4±3 | 65.6±1.9 | 0.03 |
| Men:women (n) | 47:23 | 19:6 | 28:17 | 0.29 |
| Dialysis measures | ||||
| Kt/V urea | 1.3±0.2 | 1.3±0.3 | 1.3±0.2 | 0.88 |
| ultrafiltration volume (L) | 2.03±0.6 | 1.59±0.75 | 2.13±0.91 | 0.01 |
| dialysis vintage (mo) | 45.2±32.3 | 48.1±34.8 | 43.5±31.0 | 0.57 |
| Dialysis access, n (%) | ||||
| AV fistula | 57 (81) | 23 (90) | 34 (75) | 0.12 |
| tunneled catheter | 10 (14) | 1 (4) | 9 (20) | 0.07 |
| Causes, n (%) | ||||
| diabetes mellitus | 22 (31) | 4 (16) | 18 (40) | 0.06 |
| glomerular disease | 12 (17) | 4 (16) | 8 (18) | 1.00 |
| Adult polycystic kidney disease | 7 (10) | 2 (8) | 5 (11) | 1.00 |
| urologic | 6 (9) | 3 (12) | 3 (7) | 0.66 |
| other | 14 (29) | 8 (32) | 6 (13) | 0.12 |
| unknown | 9 (13) | 4 (16) | 5 (11) | 0.71 |
| Comorbid conditions, n (%) | ||||
| coronary artery disease | 24 (34) | 5 (20) | 19 (42) | 0.07 |
| diabetes mellitus | 28 (40) | 4 (16) | 24 (53) | <0.01 |
| arterial hypertension | 42 (60) | 15 (60) | 27 (60) | 1.00 |
| active smoker | 11 (16) | 4 (15) | 7 (16) | 1.00 |
| Echocardiography measures | ||||
| left ventricular mass index (g/m2) | 85±31 | 90±32 | 82±30 | 0.36 |
| left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 55±10 | 56±9 | 54±11 | 0.51 |
| change in ejection fraction at peak dialytic stress (%) | −1±10 | 7±7 | 5±8 | <0.01 |
| Laboratory measures | ||||
| predialysis systolic BP (mmHg) | 145±24 | 140±16 | 148±27 | 0.19 |
| intradialytic hypotension, n (%) | 25 (36) | 5 (20) | 20 (44) | 0.04 |
| hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.2±1.2 | 11.5±1 | 11.0±1.3 | 0.15 |
| sodium (mEq/L) | 138±3 | 139±4 | 138±3 | 0.18 |
| creatinine (µmol/L) | 690±205 | 742±227 | 662±189 | 0.13 |
| urea | 20.6±5.3 | 19.9±5.1 | 20.9±5.4 | 0.33 |
| troponin T (ng/ml)a | 0.06 (0.02–0.10) | 0.02 (0.01–0.05) | 0.08 (0.05–0.12) | <0.01 |
Data expressed with a plus/minus sign are the mean ± SD. HD, hemodialysis; AV, arteriovenous.
a
Values in parentheses are interquartile range.