Table 2. Caregiver Participant Characteristics Overall and Stratified by Orphan Status (N = 717).
| Characteristics | Overall | Orphan Status | p-value | |||
| Double Orphan | MaternalSingle-Orphan | PaternalSingle-Orphan | Non-Orphan | |||
| N = (%) | 717 (100) | 113 (15.8) | 89 (12.4) | 169 (23.6) | 346 (48.3) | |
| Male | 103 (14.4) | 18 (15.9) | 35 (39.3) | 4 (2.3) | 46 (13.3) | 0.005 |
| Female | 614 (85.6) | 95 (84.1) | 54 (60.7) | 165 (97.7) | 300 (86.7) | |
| HIV Positive | 531 (74.1) | 18 (15.9) | 42 (47.2) | 157 (92.9) | 314 (90.8) | <0.001 |
| Age (yrs) | <0.001 | |||||
| <40 | 374 (53.0) | 49 (43.8) | 31 (35.6) | 79 (47.0) | 215 (63.2) | |
| ≥40 | 333 (47.0) | 63 (56.2) | 56 (64.4) | 89 (53.0) | 125 (36.8) | |
| Duration on Caring Child (yrs) | 0.001 | |||||
| <8 | 332 (46.7) | 61 (54.5) | 42 (47.2) | 56 (33.1) | 173 (50.7) | |
| ≥8 | 379 (53.3) | 51 (45.5) | 47 (52.8) | 113 (66.9) | 168 (49.3) | |
| Relation with Child | <0.001 | |||||
| Parent | 504 (70.3) | 0 (0) | 29 (32.6) | 154 (91.1) | 321 (92.8) | |
| Sibling | 43 (6.0) | 16 (14.2) | 18 (20.2) | 2 (1.2) | 7 (2.0) | |
| Grand Parent | 36 (5.0) | 19 (16.8) | 13 (14.6) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (0.6) | |
| Uncle/Aunt | 92 (12.8) | 51 (45.1) | 23 (25.8) | 8 (4.7) | 10 (2.9) | |
| Orphanage Staff | 16 (2.2) | 15 (13.3) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Foster Parents | 8 (1.1) | 4 (3.5) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Other* | 18 (2.5) | 8 (7.1) | 4 (4.5) | 1 (0.6) | 5 (1.4) | |
| Have Other Caregivers | 314 (43.8) | 53 (46.9) | 60 (67.4) | 26 (15.4) | 176 (50.9) | <0.001 |
| Have Formal Education | 628 (87.6) | 89 (78.8) | 80 (89.9) | 141 (83.4) | 318 (91.9) | <0.001 |
| Income per month (RWF) | 0.540 | |||||
| 0 | 352 (49.1) | 55 (50.0) | 49 (55.1) | 74 (44.0) | 174 (50.6) | |
| <26000 | 150 (20.9) | 18 (15.9) | 5 (5.6) | 56 (33.1) | 71 (20.5) | |
| ≥26000 | 215 (30.0) | 40 (34.1) | 35 (39.3) | 39 (22.9) | 101 (28.9) | |
| Number of Rooms (Mean) | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.4 | <0.001 |
| Water Source | <0.001 | |||||
| Tap in House | 247 (34.9) | 61 (54.5) | 36 (40.4) | 40 (24.0) | 110 (32.4) | |
| Shared Standpipe | 346 (48.7) | 37 (33.0) | 42 (47.2) | 90 (53.9) | 177 (51.8) | |
| River | 116 (16.4) | 14 (12.5) | 11 (12.4) | 37 (22.1) | 54 (15.9) | |
| Toilet Facility | 0.002 | |||||
| Flush Toilet | 33 (4.9) | 13 (12.7) | 4 (4.7) | 2 (1.2) | 14 (4.3) | |
| Pit Latrine | 643 (94.6) | 89 (87.3) | 81 (95.3) | 163 (97.6) | 310 (95.1) | |
| No Toilet Facilities | 4 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (0.6) | |
| Have Electricity | 445(62.1) | 83 (73.5) | 59 (66.3) | 82 (48.5) | 221(63.9) | <0.001 |
| Parent Child Relationship Inventory | ||||||
| SD of Involvement Score (Mean) | 55.7 | 52.8 | 55.8 | 55.7 | 56.6 | 0.002 |
| Low | 66 (9.4) | 21 (18.9) | 8 (9.2) | 12 (7.3) | 25 (7.4) | |
| Normative | 636 (90.6) | 90 (81.1) | 79 (90.8) | 153 (92.7) | 314 (92.6) | |
| SD of Communication Score (Mean) | 62.4 | 64.3 | 63.5 | 64.2 | 60.6 | <0.001 |
| Low | 38 (6.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.3) | 5 (3.1) | 31 (10.3) | |
| Normative | 659 (93.5) | 111 (100) | 85 (97.7) | 158 (96.9) | 304 (89.7) | |
| Correct Answer for ART Knowledge | 0.441 | |||||
| <6 score | 236 (33.0) | 44 (38.9) | 31 (34.8) | 54 (32.0) | 107 (31.0) | |
| ≥6 score | 481 (67.0) | 69 (61.1) | 58 (65.2) | 115 (68.0) | 239 (69.0) | |
*
niece, cousin, neighbors, friend of parents, guardian.