Table 3.

Odds ratios for coronary heart disease by quintiles or per standard deviation increase of red blood cell membrane cis- vaccenic fatty acids in the Physicians’ Health Study

Quintiles [Range] of cis- vaccenic acid (18:1n-7)	Cases	Odds ratio (95% CI) for coronary heart disease
		Model 1*	Model 2†
Q1 (low) [0.90–1.49]‡	233	1.0	1.0
Q2 [1.50–1.68]	191	0.76 (0.56–1.02)	0.75 (0.55–1.03)
Q3 [1.69–1.92]	208	0.74 (0.54–1.03)	0.66 (0.47–0.94)
Q4 [1.93–2.53]	175	0.60 (0.42–0.85)	0.55 (0.38–0.81)
Q5 (high) [>2.54]	193	0.59 (0.40–0.88)	0.56 (0.37–0.85)
P for trend		0.01	0.007
Per SD increase of log-vaccenic acid (cis 18:1n-7)		0.80 (0.70–0.91)	0.79 (0.69–0.91)

^*Model 1 adjusted for matching variables and cis-palmitoleic acid; SD=standard deviation of log-transformed red blood cell membrane cis- palmitoleic acid

^†Model 2 adjusted for matching variables plus body mass index, prevalent hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, and red blood cell membrane 18:0, 16:0, and marine omega-3 fatty acids (20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3)

^‡Fatty acids expressed as percentage of total red blood cell membrane fatty acids