Table 1.
A brief summary of recent automated brain extraction methods.
| Studies | Methods | Sample sizes | Diagnostic groups | Image acquisition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shattuck et al. (2001) | Brain Surface Extractor (BSE) | 20 | Healthy adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanner |
| Smith et al. (2002) | Brain Extraction Tool (BET) | 45 | Healthy adult subjects | T1, T2 and proton-density (PD) images from 1.5T and 3T scanners |
| Segonne et al. (2004) | Hybrid Watershed Algorithm (HWA) | 43 | Healthy and diseased adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanner |
| Rehm et al. (2004) | Minneapolis Consensus Strip (McStrip) | 38 | Healthy and ataxic subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanner |
| Rex et al. (2004) | Brain Extraction Meta-Algorithm (BEMA) | 135 | Healthy and schizophrenia adult subjects | T1 images |
| Zhuang et al. (2006) | Model-based Level Set (MLS) | 49 | Pediatric (29) and adult (20) subjects | T1 images |
| Chiverton et al. (2007) | Statistical Morphology Skull Stripper (SMSS) | 20 | Infant (6) and adult (14) subjects | T1, T2 images |
| Park and Lee (2009) | Region growing | 56 | Healthy adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanner |
| Sadananthan et al. (2010) | Graph Cuts (GCUT) | 68 | Healthy adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T and 3T scanners |
| Iglesias et al. (2011) | Discriminative and generative models (ROBEX) | 137 | Healthy and diseased adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T and 4T scanners |
| Carass et al. (2011) | Simple Paradigm for Extra-Cerebral Tissue Removal (SPECTRE) | 1084 | Normal and aging adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanners |
| Eskildsen et al. (2011) | Nonlocal segmentation (BEaST) | 860 | Pediatric (10) and adult (850) subjects | T1 images from 1.5T scanners |
| Leung et al. (2011) | Multi-Atlas Propagation and Segmentation (MAPS) | 839 | Healthy and diseased adult subjects | T1 images from 1.5T (682) and 3T (157) scanners |