Table 1.
Major viral factors in HCMV maturation
| Common name | HCMV | HSV | Kaposi’fs sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) | Conservation in herpesviruses | Key functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major capsid protein (MCP) | UL86 | UL19 | ORF25 | α, β, γ | Capsid assembly [3, 10] |
| Triplex monomer (TR1) | UL46 | UL38 | ORF62 | α, β, γ | Capsid assembly [3, 10] |
| Triplex dimer (TR2) | UL85 | UL18 | ORF26 | α, β, γ | Capsid assembly [3, 10] |
| Small capsid protein (SCP) | UL48A | UL35 | ORF65 | α, β, γ | Capsid assembly [3, 10] |
| Portal protein (PORT) | UL104 | UL6 | ORF43 | α, β, γ | Viral DNA packaging [11] |
| (Putative) capsid vertex specific component-1 (CVSC-1) | UL77 | UL25 | ORF19 | α, β, γ | Stabilize capsid DNA packaging [17] |
| (Putative) capsid vertex specific component-2 (CVSC-2) | UL93 | UL17 | ORF32 | α, β, γ | Stabilize capsid DNA packaging [17] |
| Nuclear egress complex membrane anchoring component 1 (NEC1) | UL50 | UL34 | ORF66 | α, β, γ | Interacts with pUL53 at inner nuclear membrane to control capsid egress [34] |
| Nuclear egress complex component 2 (NEC2) | UL53 | UL31 | ORF69 | α, β, γ | Interacts with UL50 membrane protein and nuclear lamina [34] |
| Nuclear rim-associated cytomegalovirus protein (RASCAL) | c-ORF29 | CMV only | Component of nuclear egress complex [30] | ||
| Viral Protein Kinase (VPK) | UL97 | UL13 | ORF36 | α, β, γ | Regulates phosphorylation of multiple proteins [37] |
| Largest tegument protein (LTP) | UL48 | VP1–2, UL36 | ORF64 | α, β, γ | Release of viral DNA in the nucleus, secondary envelopment [3] |
| LTP binding protein (LTPbp) | UL47 | UL37 | ORF63 | α, β, γ | Secondary envelopment [100] |
| Lower matrix protein (LMP) | pp65, UL83 | CMV only | Major tegument component, dispensible for replication [24] | ||
| Basic phosphoprotein (BPP), Nucleocapsid proximal stabilization protein (NSP) | pp150, UL32 | β | Stabilize nucleocapsids during nuclear to cytoplasmic translocation [7, 8] | ||
| pUL96 | UL96 | β | Stabilize nucleocapsids during nuclear to cytoplasmic translocation [8] | ||
| Cytoplasmic egress tegument protein, Myristoylated tegument protein (CETP, MTP) | pp28, UL99 | UL11 | ORF38 | α, β, γ | Secondary envelopment [56, 101] |
| CETP binding protein (CETPbp) | UL94 | UL16 | ORF33 | α, β, γ | Secondary envelopment [50] |
| Cytoplasmic egress facilitator-1 | UL71 | UL51 | ORF55 | α, β, γ | Cytoplasmic egress [46, 94, 95] |
| Cytoplasmic egress facilitator-2 | UL88 | UL21 | ORF23 | β, γ | Putative cytoplasmic egress |
| Encapsidation and egress protein (EEP) | UL103 | UL7 | ORF42 | α, β, γ | Cytoplasmic egress [45] |