Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of the TEFR study population
| all subjects | MR group 1 | MR group 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| number (%) | number (%) | number (%) | |
| total | 44 | 22 (50.0) | 22 (50) |
| men | 40 (90.9) | 20 (90.9) | 20 (90.9) |
| women | 4 (9.1) | 2 (9.1) | 2 (9.1) |
| Finisher (F) | 30 (68.2) | 19 (86.4) | 11 (50.0) |
| Non-finisher (NF) | 14 (31.8) | 3 (13.6) | 11 (50.0) |
| mean/median (SD) | mean/median (SD) | mean/median (SD) | |
| age (years) | 49.7 (10.5) | 50.3 (9.6) | 49.1 (11.5) |
| prerace history: | |||
| years of regular endurance running | 17.9 (7.5) | 19.1 (7.5) | 17.1 (7.4) |
| finished marathons | 91.7 (168.6) | 62.0 (93.4) | 121.47 (218.8) |
| finished ultra-marathons | 85.4 (63.6) | 81.1 (59.0) | 89.8 (69.0) |
| finished multistage ultra-marathons | 5.7 (3.6) | 5.1 (4.1) | 6.3 (2.9) |
| anthropometry: | |||
| height (cm) | 175 (8) | 175 (6) | 174 (9) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 (2.2) | 22.8 (1.8) | 23.4 (2.6) |
| body fat percentage, BIA (%) | 11.2 (4.3) | 11.0 (4.1) | 11.4 (4.5) |
| body fat percentage, calculateda (%) | 16.6 (4.2) | 15.5 (3.2) | 16.6 (5.0) |
| body fat percentage, MRI (%) | - | - | 22.7 (6.0) |
| muscle percentage, calculatedb (%) | 49.8 (5.1) | 49.7 (4.7) | 50.0 (5.7) |
| somatic lean tissue, MRI (%) | - | - | 65.0 (5.3) |
| active range of hip motion (°) | |||
| flexion, 121 (26)c | 123 (27) | 122 (26) | 124 (27) |
| extension, 19 (16)c | 24 (17) | 25 (17) | 21 (16) |
| abduction, 42 (22)c | 43 (23) | 43 (22) | 42 (24) |
| internal rotation, 31 (16)c | 31 (16) | 30 (16) | 32 (16) |
| external rotation, 32 (18)c | 34 (19) | 33 (18) | 34 (19) |
| active range of knee motion (°): | |||
| flexion, 132 (20)c | 134 (19) | 135 (20) | 133 (19) |
| lower limb alignment: | - | - | |
| LL difference [mm], 6 (95th: 11)d | 2 (3.3), 95th: 9) | ||
| FTR, 1.26 (0.05)d | 1.17 (0.04) | ||
| FTA [°], m: 178 (174-182)e | 178 (175-182) | ||
| w: 181 (177-185)e | |||
| FTA difference | 1 (0.8) | ||
| MAD (mm), 10 (4-16)e | 10 (4-17) |
acalculated by the updated DC (DEXA criterion)-equation according to Ball et al. [142], inputs: age, 7SF (chest, midaxillary, triceps, subscapular, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh); bcalculated estimation of skeletal muscle mass according to Lee et al. [143], inputs: gender, age, race, height, 3 SF and CF (upper arm, thigh, calf); cnormal AROM-values of hip and knee joints (goniometric data) according to the 1st National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) [144]; dnormal values of side differences in the lower limb [119], generated with computed tomography gold standard method [117]. FTR: femoro-tibial length-ratio. Leg length (LL) differences of > 14 mm (3SD) are seen as pathological [122,119,118]; enormal values of femorotibial angle (FTA) and mean axis distance (MAD) [116,120,121]