Table 3. Associations between individual, socio-economic and area-level characteristics and time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity in men.
| Average daily reported time in MVPA | Average daily recorded time in MVPA | ||||||||||
| Univariate associations β(95%CI) p | Multiple regressionmodel β (95%CI) p | Univariate associations β(95%CI) p | Multiple regressionmodel β (95%CI) p | ||||||||
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||||||||
| Age group (reference: Under 40 years) | |||||||||||
| 40–50 | 29.39 (−14.71, 73.50) | 0.401 | 30.53 (−10.18, 71.24) | 0.051 | −2.82 (−12.02, 6.38) | 0.220 | 3.31 (−7.42, 14.04) | 0.552 | |||
| Over 50 years | −19.88 (−64.22, 24.46) | −40.70 (−82.24, 0.85) | −7.33 (−16.59, 1.92) | −2.95 (−13.69, 7.80) | |||||||
| Adults in the household (reference: Single person) | |||||||||||
| Two adults | −18.99 (−78.88, 40.90) | 0.531 | n.i | −18.21 (−20.60, 4.17) | 0.247 | −7.05 (−19.72, 5.62) | 0.047 | ||||
| Three adults or more | 10.71 (−58.25, 79.66) | −9.58 (−23.84, 4.68) | −11.37 (−25.94, 3.20) | ||||||||
| Children in the household (reference: None) | |||||||||||
| At least 1 child in the household | −0.39 (−42.78, 42.00) | 0.985 | n.i | −3.19 (−11.95, 5.56) | 0.472 | n.i | |||||
| Access to a bicycle (reference: no) | |||||||||||
| Yes | 79.80 (18.24, 141.37) | 0.011 | 99.98 (44.06, 155.91) | 0.001 | −12.54 (−25.37, 0.29) | 0.055 | −8.56 (−22.41, 5.30) | 0.224 | |||
| Educational qualifications (reference: less than degree) | |||||||||||
| Degree | −67.26 (−113.50, −21.02) | 0.005 | −50.53 (−93.33, −7.73) | 0.021 | 5.46 (−4.30, 15.29) | 0.270 | n.i | ||||
| Work type (reference: sedentary) | |||||||||||
| Standing/Manual | 117.17 (72.80, 161.55) | 0.001 | 117.89 (75.47, 160.32) | 0.001 | 6.28 (−3.67, 16.25) | 0.215 | 6.14 (−4.14, 16.42) | 0.240 | |||
| Housing tenure (reference: rents home) | |||||||||||
| Owns home | −5.72 (−52.58, 41.14) | 0.810 | n.i | −6.59 (−16.24, 3.04) | 0.178 | 1.37 (−9.94, 12.68) | 0.811 | ||||
| Car access (reference: none) | |||||||||||
| At least 1 car in the household | 27.34 (−26.17, 80.85) | 0.314 | n.i | −11.43 (−22.38, −0.47) | 0.041 | −4.39 (−17.44, 8.66) | 0.507 | ||||
| Index of multiple deprivation (reference: least deprived) | |||||||||||
| 2nd quartile | −28.87 (−82.79, 25.04) | 0.859 | n.i | 10.51 (−0.54, 21.56) | 0.161 | 15.55 (4.17, 26.94) | 0.110 | ||||
| 3rd quartile | −25.21 (−79.50, 29.07) | 6.65 (−4.48, 17.78) | 9.39 (−1.78, 20.55) | ||||||||
| Most deprived | −9.19 (−60.70, 42.33) | 9.62 (−0.94, 20.18) | 11.52 (0.93, 22.11) | ||||||||
| Average daily wear time (in minutes) | – | – | 0.07 (0.03, 0.12) | 0.002 | 0.08 (0.03, 0.13) | 0.002 | |||||
| Health characteristics | |||||||||||
| Long term illness (reference: no) | |||||||||||
| Yes | −25.58 (−90.30, 39.14) | 0.436 | n.i | −3.06 (−16.47, 10.35) | 0.652 | n.i | |||||
| Weight status (reference: normal weight) | |||||||||||
| Overweight/Obese | −7.79 (−45.34, 29.76) | 0.683 | 14.57 (−18.89, 48.02) | 0.391 | 2.80 (−4.80, 10.41) | 0.467 | 3.28 (−4.75, 11.31) | 0.421 | |||
| Physical health summary score (reference: Q1) | |||||||||||
| Q2 | 9.97 (−41.78, 61.71) | 0.890 | n.i | 0.56 (−10.08, 11.21) | 0.436 | n.i | |||||
| Q3 | −0.57 (−55.09, 53.95) | −2.11 (−13.33, 9.11) | |||||||||
| Q4 | 8.09 (−46.06, 62.24) | 5.38 (−5.77, 16.52) | |||||||||
| Mental health summary score (reference: Q1) | |||||||||||
| Q2 | 43.23 (−12.21, 98.68) | 0.066 | 36.46 (−12.82, 85.73) | 0.010 | −1.77 (−13.48, 9.94) | 0.873 | n.i | ||||
| Q3 | 16.48 (−34.39, 67.36) | 19.67 (−26.17, 65.50) | −2.32 (−13.07, 8.42) | ||||||||
| Q4 | 60.69 (8.51, 112.87) | 72.02 (26.06, 117.98) | 0.99 (−10.03, 12.02) | ||||||||
| Contextual characteristics | |||||||||||
| Season (reference: May to August) | |||||||||||
| September to November | 11.35 (−33.42, 56.13) | 0.617 | n.i | 1.59 (−7.53, 10.72) | 0.730 | n.i | |||||
| Mean percentage of greenspace (reference: Bottom quartile = lowest) | |||||||||||
| 2nd quartile | −14.11 (−65.45, 37.22) | 0.648 | n.i | −5.93 (−16.44, 4.57) | 0.139 | −4.39 (−15.21, 6.44) | 0.036 | ||||
| 3rd quartile | −31.33 (−83.10, 20.44) | −11.80 (−22.40, −1.20) | −13.69 (−24.77, −2.61) | ||||||||
| 4th quartile (highest) | −6.24 (−56.04, 43.56) | −6.11 (−16.30, 4.09) | −9.63 (−20.98, 1.71) | ||||||||
| Urban Rural Status (reference: urban) | |||||||||||
| Rural | 18.37 (−18.37, 55.13) | 0.325 | n.i | −1.88 (−9.51, 5.74) | 0.626 | n.i | |||||
| Adjusted R squared | 0.29 | 0.10 | |||||||||
n.i. not included as not significant in univariate analysis, – not added into the model as not relevant. β (95% CI) p indicates that regression coefficients, 95% confidence intervals and p values are given.