Table 3.

Crude rates of hospitalized bacterial infection by disease cohort and medication exposures. Current oral GC use refers to use during study follow-up.

	Person-years of observation	Number of hospitalized bacterial infections	Infection rate per 100 person-years (95% CI)	No current oral GC use: Infection rate per 100 person-years (95% CI)	During current oral GC use: Infection rate per 100 person-years (95% CI)
JIA: entire cohort	13,003	365	2.8 (2.5–3.1)	2.3 (2.1–2.6)	6.9 (5.6–8.5)
JIA: no current MTX, no current TNF inhibitor	8,777	222	2.5 (2.2–2.9)	2.2 (1.9–2.6)	7.3 (5.2–10.1)
JIA: current MTX, no current TNF inhibitor	2,646	88	3.3 (2.7–4.0)	2.4 (1.8–3.2)	7.1 (5.0–9.9)
JIA: current TNF inhibitor, irrespective of MTX	1,580	55	3.5 (2.6–4.5)	2.9 (2.1–4.0)	5.8 (3.4–9.1)
ADHD	454,698	4,398	1.0 (0.9–1.0)	0.9 (0.9–1.0)	5.0 (4.4–5.7)

JIA = juvenile idiopathic arthritis; ADHD = attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; MTX = methotrexate or leflunomide; TNF inhibitor = etanercept, infliximab, or adalimumab; GC = glucocorticoids