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. 2012 Jul 10;14(4):e100. doi: 10.2196/jmir.1986

Table 3.

Data for person in photograph being perceived as honorable and moral when 1 or more iconsa are present versus no icons.

Model Honorable Moral
ORb 95% CIc OR 95% CI
1(1 icon)
S 2.7 1.6–4.5 2.4 1.4–4.1**
O 1.3 0.8–2.1 1.3 0.8–2.2
RH 1.6 1.0–2.6e 1.7 1.1–2.6*
SS 1.3 0.8–2.2 1.4 0.9–2.3
P 1.7 1.0–2.6* 1.1 0.7–1.8
No icond 1.0 1.0
2 (2 icons)
S+RH 2.2 1.1–4.5* 2.1 1.1–4.1*
S+SS 2.5 1.5–4.2*** 2.0 1.2–3.4**
S+P 1.7 0.9–3.3 2.2 1.3–4.0**
O+RH 2.4 1.3–4.5** 2.4 1.4–4.3**
O+P 1.9 0.9–3.7 1.5 0.7–3.5
RH+SS 2.3 1.1–4.7* 2.0 1.0–4.0e
RH+P 2.7 1.3–5.6** 2.7 1.4–5.0**
SS+P 2.7 1.4–5.1** 2.5 1.4–4.5**
O+P 1.7 0.7–4.0 1.9 0.8–4.3
No icond 1.0 1.0
3 (3 icons)
S+O+RH 3.5 1.9–6.6*** 3.3 1.8–6.1***
S+O+SS 3.0 1.7–5.5*** 2.9 1.6–5.1***
S+O+P 2.4 1.2–5.1* 2.3 1.1–5.1*
S+RH+SS 3.0 1.5–6.0** 2.5 1.3–5.0**
S+RH+P 2.4 1.1–5.1* 2.1 1.0–4.3*
S+SS+P 4.2 2.3–7.6*** 3.9 2.2–7.1***
O+SS+P 2.3 1.1–5.1* 2.0 1.0–4.0e
No icond 1.0 1.0
4 (4 icons)
S+O+RH+SS 3.7 2.0–6.9*** 3.6 2.0–6.5***
S+O+RH+P 3.3 2.0–5.5*** 3.0 1.9–4.8***
S+O+SS+P 2.6 1.6–4.3*** 2.5 1.5–4.2***
S+RH+SS+P 2.4 1.4–3.9*** 1.8 1.1–3.1*
O+RH+SS+P 3.6 2.0–6.4*** 3.4 2.1–5.7***
No icond 1.0 1.0
5 (5 icons) 3.1 2.1–4.6*** 3.1 2.2–4.4***
No icond 1.0 1.0

a Icons are as follows: S = stethoscope, O = otoscope, RH = reflex hammer, SS = surgical scrubs,P = pen.

b Odds ratio.

c Confidence interval.

d Photo with no icon group was the reference group for each of the models.

e 95% CI was rounded to 1.00 but the P value was >.05.

*P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001.