Table 2. Anatomical Landmarks for the Four-Segment Model of the Foot and Shank.

Segment	Location
Hallux	Most distal and dorsal point of the head of the proximal phalanx
Forefoot	Head of the fifth metatarsal, dorso-lateral aspect of the fifth metatarso-phalangeal joint
	Head of the second metatarsal, dorso-medial aspect of the second metatarso-phalangeal joint
	Head of the first metatarsal, dorso-medial aspect of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint
	Base of the fifth metatarsal, dorso-lateral aspect of the fifth metatarso-cuboid joint
	Base of the second metatarsal, dorso-medial aspect of the second metatarso-cuneiform joint
	Base of the first metatarsal, dorso-medial aspect of the first metatarso-cuneiform joint
Calcaneus	Lateral calcaneus - midpoint between the lateral malleolus and floor
	Medial calcaneus - point between medial malleolus and floor at height of lateral calcaneus marker
	Posterior calcaneus - aligned vertically with Achilles tendon at same height as lateral calcaneus marker
Shank	Most lateral aspect of lateral malleolus
	Most medial aspect of the medial malleolus
	Most lateral prominence of lateral epicondyle
	Most medial prominence of the medial epicondyle
	Most anterior aspect of the tibial tuberosity