Table 3.
Epilepsy-induced activation of astrocytes in the parahippocampal region. Reactive astrocytes were identified by their increased GFAP labeling and altered morphology (see methods section). They were counted in 30 μm thick sections immune-labeled for GFAP. Cell densities (number of cells/mm2) are presented as mean ± SEM. Controls (n = 22) revealed no reactive astrocytes. Therefore we did the statistical comparison versus the 24 h group. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test for group comparisons (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; animal numbers (n) are given in parenthesis). The highest cell densities per area are labeled in bold.
| Region | KA 24 h (n = 9) | KA 8d (n = 9) | KA 1m (n = 10) | KA 3m (n = 14) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subiculum | ||||
| Proximal Sub. | 48 ± 23.5 | 801 ± 42.8∗∗∗ | 798 ± 28.8∗∗∗ | 308 ± 40.3∗∗∗ |
| Distal Sub. | 40 ± 16.2 | 534 ± 53.5∗∗∗ | 460 ± 37.2∗∗∗ | 106 ± 23.8 |
| Presubiculum | 13 ± 6.9 | 115 ± 34.9∗∗∗ | 13 ± 5.4 | 3 ± 1.6 |
| Parasubiculum | 37 ± 14.1 | 228 ± 32.8∗∗∗ | 245 ± 38.3∗∗∗ | 41 ± 11.9 |
| Medial EC | ||||
| Layer III | 36 ± 11.0 | 777 ± 43.7∗∗∗ | 640 ± 52.6∗∗∗ | 211 ± 50.7∗ |
| Layers V–VI | 30 ± 12.6 | 774 ± 32.0∗∗∗ | 729 ± 36.1∗∗∗ | 213 ± 30.0∗∗∗ |
| Lateral EC | ||||
| Layer III | 19 ± 9.5 | 497 ± 38.4∗∗∗ | 322 ± 48.3∗∗∗ | 55 ± 15.5 |
| Layers V–VI | 52 ± 21.5 | 691 ± 39.4∗∗∗ | 614 ± 22.0∗∗∗ | 266 ± 47.1∗∗∗ |
| Perirhinal cortex | 36 ± 10.6 | 491 ± 39.0∗∗∗ | 326 ± 34.2∗∗∗ | 84 ± 26.1 |