| |
DSM-5 |
DSM-IV |
| Failure to fulfill major role obligations |
✓ |
✓ (abuse) |
| Recurring use in hazardous situations |
✓ |
✓ (abuse) |
| Use despite interpersonal problems |
✓ |
✓ (abuse) |
| Use despite recurring legal problems |
x |
✓ (abuse) |
| |
|
|
| Tolerance |
|
✓ (dependence) |
| Withdrawal |
|
✓ (dependence) |
| Using more or longer than intended |
✓ |
✓ (dependence) |
| Giving up important activities to use |
✓ |
✓ (dependence) |
| Spending a lot of time using |
✓ |
✓ (dependence) |
| Use despite recurring physical/psychological problems |
✓ |
✓ (dependence) |
| Persistent, failed quit attempts |
✓ |
✓ (dependence) |
| Craving—strong urge or desire to use drug |
✓ |
× |
| |
|
|
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV: |
|
|
| Abuse—1 or more of 4 criteria. |
|
|
| Dependence—3 or more of 7 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
DSM-5 (proposed: dsm5.org) |
|
|
| Substance use disorder: |
|
|
| Unaffected—0 or 1 of 11 criteria. |
|
|
| Moderately affected—2 to 3 of 11 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. |
|
|
| Severely affected—4 or more of 11 criteria occurring in the same 12-month period. |
|
|
